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Expansion and Resistance in 1750-1900 - Coggle Diagram
Expansion and Resistance in 1750-1900
The Opium War
Example of Economic Imperialism
Britain importing more Chinese goods than Chineses importing British goods
Britain loses money, silver, goods, so they try to make their money back
Forced Indian farmers to plant opium to sell to China (which they tried to ban but people kept buying)
Led to war between Britain and China
Britain won, forced to open specialized ports in China for British trade (Hong Kong), and no tariffs or taxes on the traded goods
Then more european nations also went to Chian to do the same
Rationales for Imperialism
Nationalism
Believing that their nation is the best and should be in charge
Social Darwinism
Believing that their race is superior than others and they have the right to exert their power on who they deem inferior because "survival of the fittest"
Darwinism - the idea of natural selection and evolution in animals, not so much humans (it was misapplied onto humans by Herbert Spencer)
Eugenics
Terminating the "weaker" people in society to benefit human reproduction.
This meant people of different religions, people of color, homosexuals, disabled people, and minorities
Religious motivation
The need to spread their religion and influence
Missionaries
British India
Sepoys
The Indian people who helped the British run India
Rebelled because the new weapons developed by the British East India Company contained beef and pork fat, which offends Hindu and Islam
This led to Indian Mutiny, which was a time where Indians were treated poorly by the British
high taxes, bad land rights, very much oppression
Eventually fled to Delhi (last city of Mughal Empire) and pled for the Shah's leadership and secure the city from the British attacks
Tools of Empire
Colonies
for extracting raw materials, creating market, and making trade with the locals (usually in labor)
This also controls the economy on the local level and boost the economy of their own nation
Technology
Easier transportation such as steam boats and railroads made traveling to other parts of the world easier, quicker, and cheaper
This meant rapid moving around and going to places to further establish empire
Devices and machinery made for quick industrialization, at home and in the new colonies
More transportation, communication, or known as, easier controlling their territory
Weapons
Intimidate others into complying
Railroads
Trans-Siberian Railroad
In Russia, helped unite the country and make going from one end to the other much easier
Transccontinental Railroad
In America, also made building the country easier because of the easier and quicker mode of transportation
built by immigrant workers!!
Rebellions
Happened in
North America, Peru, Mexico, Australia, South Africa, West Africa, Sudan, and the Balkan States
How
Assimilation, militaristic uprisings, attempts to overthrow the governments, protests, riots, violence