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English 45C, James Joyce has an exprimental style of writing that was…

- - - - The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufock by T.S Eliot (1915)
        
        The Modernist Paradox – Prufrock/Eliot and the inability to properly convey speech and language.
      - "To Elsie" by William Carlos Williams (1923)
      - A slow renewal of spring from winter's death and decay
        
        Spring is not a sudden growth and renewal, but remails bleak: it is a profound but slow change that inspires hope
        
        An imperceptible struggle for rebirth
        
        Vision of sickness – comparing seasonal change to life and death
        
        "By the road to the contagious hospital..."
      - Story of Eurydice: The wife of Orpheus who was sent to Hades, and when Orpheus came to save her, he accidentally looked back and immediately banished her to Hades, permanently.
        
        She's not mad about being sent to Hades, or even him failing necessarily: Just that he dared give her a hope for something that she's never getting again.
        
        Floral Motifs: Imagery of flowers and beauty as references to what she misses and what she is currently living in: “Dead Lichens” vs “Blue Crocuses” – symbolizing growth/stunted existence
        
        Central motif of a flower – Eurydice’s defiance and refusal to simply “let it go.”
        
        Anaphora: "so for your ignorance.." she is upset and continuously reminds Orpheus how she is enraged.
        
        Repetition: Black…black! Really really driving home the darkness that has become her life!
    - - Beckett as a late Modernist
        
        Fragmentation of the narration into unreliable pieces; Disillusion towrads language, which fails to refer and function.
        
        post-modern usage of low forms and high forms of inspiration; drawing from popular forms of Vaudville.
        
        Vladimir's Hat – reminiscent of the bowler hats associated with "middle class respectability," contrasting the simplicity of their characters (tragicomic features.)
        
        reference to Charlie Chaplin or Laurel/Hardy, two popular Vaudville performers.
  - - - "The Lake Isle of Innisfree" by W.B Yeats (1890)
      - "Eurydice" by H.D. (1917)
      - "Oread" by H.D. (1914)
      - "Tradition and the Individual Talent" (1919) and Anti-Romanaticism (T.S Eliot)
        
        "[Tradition] cannot be inherited..."
        
        must be obtained through labor and study; if it is not inherited, it suggests it can be made available to those who succeed tradition through birthright
        
        starting aspect of tradition through birthright
        
        uprecented present - finding new forms by looking towards the past
        
        describes the artistic process as a continuous sacrifice (not in any way euphamistic)
        
        argues against the Romantic emphasis on lyric subjectivity and the individual; instead, it valorizes the opposition of form – abstract, attentive, and experimental work.
    - - "This Is Just to Say" by William Carlos Williams (1934)
      - "Red Wheelbarrow" by William Carlos Williams (1923)
      - "In a Station of a Metro" by Ezra Pound (1913)
        
        very short; only two lines
        
        Brings to mind the image of ghosts ("apparitions.")
        
        The faces are being "weighed down," as one might imagine the "petals on a wet, black bough" would be.
        
        Poem of layered imagery: The tree branch and the humans in the metro posess different visual imagery, but come together in one poetic metaphor.
- - - - "It was a crime against the earth goddess to kill a clansman, and a man who committed it must flee from the land."
- - - - Language
  - - - "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" – Langston Hughes (1921)
      - The Harlem Renaissance – Centered in Literature
        
        Contrasting responses to an apocalyptic Post-WWII American experience
        
        Langstron Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston
        
        flourishing of music (Music, sorrow songs as distinctly culturally American) – Dilsey from The Sound and the Fury.
        
        New Identity is accomplished through traditional forms of art.
        Repuditation of the past and an incessant return to it.
      - "Let America be America Again" – Langston Hughes (1936)
        
        One of his first explicitly political poems.
        
        Wider view of racial/economic inequality
        
        List form of "I am" repetition; collective voice and solidaristic feelings.
      - "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain" – Langston Hughes (1926)
        
        "Manifesto on the Harlem Renaissance."
        
        Arguing for an under-recognized problem in the Black Community
        
        Art transcending racial boundaries.
    - - How does art respond to catastrophe? Working in the register of myth and unreality.