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Measurement - Coggle Diagram
Measurement
Measurement includes:
Quantities - amounts or properties that can be measured
Numbers + Units - every measurement needs a value and a unit
Accuracy - how close a measurement is to the true value
Precision - how close repeated measurements are to each other
SI Base Units - standard units used in science worldwide
Length - meter (m): measures distance
Mass - kilogram (kg): measures the amount of matter
Time - second (s): measures duration
Temperature - kelvin (K): measures thermal energy
Electric Current - ampere (A): measures electric flow
Amount of Substance - mole (mol): counts particles
Luminous Intensity - candela (cd): measures brightness
Derived Units - units created by combining base units
Speed - distance ÷ time = m/s: how fast something moves
Density - mass ÷ volume = kg/m³: how much matter fits in a space
Volume - m³: amount of space an object takes up
Measurement Tools - instruments used to collect data
Ruler - measures length in meters or centimeters
Scale - measures mass in kilograms or grams
Thermometer - measures temperature in Celsius or Kelvin
Stopwatch - measures time in seconds
Accuracy - closeness to the actual value
Improved by good tools and careful measurement
Precision - consistency of repeated measurements
High precision means very similar results each time
Error in Measurement - unavoidable differences from the true value
Instrument Limits - every tool has a smallest measurable unit
Human Error - misreading or using tools incorrectly
Environmental Factors - temperature, vibration, or lighting
Percent Error - |actual − measured| ÷ actual × 100: shows size of an error
Dimensional Analysis - method for converting between units
Uses Conversion Factors - fractions that equal 1
Example: 1 cm = 0.01 m - used to switch between units easily