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Learning Theories in Education - Coggle Diagram
Learning Theories in Education
Behaviorist Theory
Theorists: John Watson and B.F. Skinner
View of Knowledge
: Observable behaviors shape knowledge. Knowledge is external and measurable.
View of Learning:
Reinforcement impacts behavior and repetition strengthens habits
Instructional Implications
: Efficient learning is a result of clear behavioral goals, drills and practice, reinforcement, and providing incentives and consequences.
Cognitive Theory
Social Learning Theory
Theorist: Albert Bandura
Instructional Implications
: Using mentors, role models, shadowing, and coaching helps assist in learning. Demonstrating how to do something and reinforcing positive behaviors also is a method of implementing instructional techniques.
View of Learning:
Learning happens through modeling and imitation where social context influences behavior.
Social Learning Theory:
A socially acquired
view of knowledge
where learning happens by observing others
Theorist: Jean Piaget
Instructional Implications:
Some methods include sequences instruction, problem solving activities, and organizing content to learn.
Views of Learning
: Learning is done actively through information processing (attention, enconding, memory) and by reorganizing mental models, learning can be more effecient. Learning for humans is kind of like how a computer processes information. Learners are actively engaged.
Views of Knowledge
: Internal mental structures and organized information helps store information.
Constructivist Theory
Theorists: John Dewey and Lev Vygotsky
View of Knowledge:
Learners actively build knowledge through experiences and interactions, their background and culture impact their worldview, and knowledge is not just transmitted but instead understood from the context of their own worldviews.
View of Learning
: By reflecting on experiences or having real world experiences (experiential learning), students can retain information better.
Instructional Implications
: Ask real world, open-ended questions, build on prior experiences or knowledge, create interactive and exploratory environments, offer guidance, and assess based on deeper understanding (instead of memorizing facts for example).