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IB DP Course: Going Through Changes
Unit 2.2: Enlightenment, Revolution,…
IB DP Course: Going Through Changes
Unit 2.2: Enlightenment, Revolution, Romance
TIMELINES
KINDLINGS
SMOLDERING
FLASHPOINT
AFTERGLOW
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Sturm und Drang:
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)
Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805)
Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751-1792)
Friedrich Maximilian Klinger (1752-1831)
Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803)
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Orators, Leaders, Organizers, Leaders
Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau, Louis Antoine de Saint-Just, Georges Danton and Maximilien Robespierre.
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Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
René Descartes (1596-1650)
Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677)
John Locke (1632-1704)
Isaac Newton (1643-1727)
Major Enlightenment Events (Intellectual Foundations)
1637 – Descartes publishes Discourse on Method
1651 – Hobbes publishes Leviathan
1687 – Newton publishes Principia Mathematica
1689 – Locke publishes Two Treatises of Government
1690 – Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding
1715 – Death of Louis XIV; beginning of the more liberal Regency period
1721 – Montesquieu publishes Persian Letters
1733–1734 – Voltaire publishes Letters Concerning the English Nation
1740–1748 – War of Austrian Succession (spreads Enlightenment political ideas)
1748 – Montesquieu publishes The Spirit of the Laws
1751 – First volume of Diderot & d’Alembert’s Encyclopédie
1755 – Rousseau publishes Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
1756–1763 – Seven Years’ War (financial strain later contributes to Revolution)
1762 – Rousseau publishes The Social Contract
1762 – Rousseau publishes Émile
1770 – Turgot’s early financial reforms begin in France
1776 – Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations
1776 – American Declaration of Independence (inspires French reformers)
1781 – Necker releases the Compte rendu au roi (shows France’s fiscal crisis)
1784 – Kant publishes What Is Enlightenment?
French Revolution: Key Events (1787–1799)
1787 – Assembly of Notables convened to resolve France’s financial crisis
1788 (Aug 8) – Louis XVI calls for the Estates-General to meet in 1789
1789 (May 5) – Estates-General convenes at Versailles
1789 (June 17) – Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly
1789 (June 20) – Tennis Court Oath
1789 (July 14) – Storming of the Bastille
1789 (Aug 4) – National Assembly abolishes feudal privileges
1789 (Aug 26) – Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1789 (Oct 5–6) – Women’s March on Versailles
1790 (July 12) – Civil Constitution of the Clergy
1791 (June 20–21) – Flight to Varennes
1791 (Sept 3) – First French Constitution completed
1792 (April 20) – France declares war on Austria
1792 (Aug 10) – Storming of the Tuileries; monarchy effectively ends
1792 (Sept 21) – Abolition of the monarchy; French Republic proclaimed
1793 (Jan 21) – Execution of Louis XVI
1793 (June 2) – Girondins purged; Jacobins take control
1793–1794 – Reign of Terror
1793 (Oct 16) – Execution of Marie Antoinette
1794 (July 27; 9 Thermidor) – Fall of Robespierre
1795 (Aug 22) – Constitution of Year III establishes the Directory
1796–1797 – Napoleon’s successful Italian campaigns
1798–1799 – Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign
1799 (Nov 9; 18 Brumaire) – Napoleon’s coup, ends the Revolution
Concepts
CREATIVITY
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Why was there an urgency for new forms of expression? What were the influences for them and what was the impact of these new forms of expression?
What new visual forms were developed in this period and what exigencies required or promoted their emergence?
What new technologies were invented or developed that ushered in new media, techniques, and paradigms?
How and to what end did wit, the sublime, the uncanny, the grotesque, and the sublime manifest?
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TRANSFORMATION
How did the changes in the sciences impact culture, politics, and society?
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How did sociability and common discourse evolve on account of the expansion of coffee houses ("penny universities"), salons, clubs, and societies?
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Nodes
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Feuds, Scandals, Debates
Edmund Burke vs Thomas Paine, Mary Wollstonecraft
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Groups, Places, Events
Salons
Baron d'Holbach:
Jacques-André Naigeon (atheist, editor and literary executor of Diderot)
Groups
French Revolution
Jacobins, The Mountain (Les Montagnards) vs Les Girondins
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Muscadines, Incroyables, jeunesse dorée (of The White Terror)
vs.
sans culottes
Conspiracy of the Equals:
Babeuf; abolition of all property, equality for all (except for slaves and only for citizens of France)
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