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Mendel and the Gene Idea, Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance - Coggle Diagram
Mendel and the Gene Idea
Mendel Experimental
Mendel fresh approach to the study of heredity allowed him to deduce principle that had remained elusive to others
Law of Segregation
The explanation of heredity was the "blending" hypothesis. Mendel crossed contrasting, true-breeding white and purple flowered pea pants, all of the F1 hybrids were purple
Mendel Model
Mendel developed a model to explain to 3:1 inheritance pattern he observed in F2 offspring. Four related concepts make up this model.
Testcross
Individual with the dominate phenotype could be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous. The determine the genotypes we can carry out a testcross, breeding the mystery individual with a homozygous recessive individual
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Degrees of Dominance
-Complete dominance occurs when phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are identical
-Incomplete dominance, the phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties
-Codominance, two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways
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Multiple Alleles
Most gene exist in population is more than two allelic forms. EX: four phenotypes of the ABO blood group in human are determined by three alleles for the enzyme that attaches A or B carbohydrates to red blood cells
Pleiotropy
Most gene have multiple phenotypes effects, a property called pleiotropy. EX: pleiotropic alleles are responsible for the multiple symptoms of certain hereditary diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease
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