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The Directory 1795-1799 - Coggle Diagram
The Directory 1795-1799
‘The Directory restored stability to France between 1795 and 1799.’ Assess the validity of this view. 25 marks]
Political
Stability
External threats to the republic decreased: The war of the first coalition ended with the treaty of Campo Formio which left only Britain at war with France and France in a more stable place externally
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The Constitution fundamentally was designed around the idea of bringing stability to France after the Terror. By creating a highly democratic system that used checks and balances
Instability
Due to Napoleons actions in Malta the 2nd Coalition was formed creating a new major threat against the French Republic
Although Coups were handled well the government had to resort to use of terror and mercenaries to return stability witch shows underlying instability and weakness within the system
The governmental system was too democratic to the point that not much could be passed through without the use of unconstitutional acts making the system broken and weak and unstable
So
Although there were some political successes such as dealing with coups and external factors, they were plagued by underlying flaws that made the system as a whole weak and vunerable to further coups/ uprisings and general instability
Social
Stability
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Use of cannon during Vendemiare uprising lead by napoleon effectively dealt with the pro royalist uprisings
Instability
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Isolated themselves from the people. Becoming isolated and unpopular through the coups and uprisings against the directory because of use of corrupt policies
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Economic
Stability
Ramel's reforms of the economic system was largely a success, He successfully implemented the groundwork for the bank of France and was able to write off 2/3rds of debt with mandats.
Napoleons foreign policy had economic benefits. He was able to achieve large amounts of money for the republic through plunder and peace treaties such as 21million livres in indemnity from Campo Formio
Standardisation of weights and measurements also played a role in restoring the system as a whole to be fair
Instability
Failure of the Assignat and the mandats lead to rampant inflation which was not helped by the repeal of the general maximum
Ramel's reforms were unpopular among the property owners who had a large stake in the directory making the directory unpopular
Plunder and treaties also were not a reliable source of income and were therefore not very successful reforms to help stability
So
Although the Directory did make some economic reforms especially through Ramel. The slow rate of change that the directory had plus the failure of the mandat lead to France as a whole being more unstable as the population couldn't afford bread
General Line of Argument
Although the Directory was by no means stable in the years 1795-1799 it was much more stable and as far away from a dictatorship than the Terror was and was therefore a move in the right direction just too little and not fast enough