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10.1 IPEKA Puri Informatics Mathieu - Coggle Diagram
10.1 IPEKA Puri Informatics Mathieu
Computer System
Hardware
Input Devices: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone
Comment: Allow users to send data to the computer
Output Devices:Monitor, printer, speakers
Comment: Display or produce results
Storage: Primary: RAM, cache = Volatile memory Secondary = HDD, SSD, flash drive
Non-volatile storage
Processing Devices
CPU (Central Processing Unit):
Control Unit
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Registers
GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
Motherboard:
Connects all components (CPU, RAM, ports, power)
Power Supply (PSU)
Software:
1) System Software=
Operating Systems (Windows, macOS, Linux)
Device drivers
Utility software (antivirus, disk cleanup)
2) Application Software=
Productivity: Word, Excel, PowerPoint
Creative: Photoshop, video editors
Browsers: Chrome, Edge
Games
1.3 Data Representation:
Binary: 0s and 1s
Units: Bit → Byte → KB → MB → GB → TB
Characters: ASCII, Unicode
Images: Bitmaps, pixels
Sound: Sample rate, bit depth
1.4 Operating System Functions:
File management
Memory management
Process management
Security and user accounts
User interface (GUI/CLI)
Computer Architecture:
Von Neumann Architecture:
Shared memory for data & instructions
Fetch–Decode–Execute cycle
Buses:
Data bus
Address bus
Control bus
System Security:
Malware (virus, worm, trojan, ransomware)
Authentication (passwords, biometrics)
Encryption
Backups
Firewalls