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Hypoxia Tissue O2 Delivery or Utilization< Tissue O2 Demand,…
Hypoxia
Tissue O2 Delivery or Utilization< Tissue O2 Demand
Increased Tissue O2 Demand (fever, malignant hyperthermia)
Inadequadte O2 Delivery
(Low arterial O2 content, avaliability or blood flow)
CO
(reduced Hb-O2 and impaired
unloading)
Anemia
(low Hgb)
Content problem with oxygen vs cynaide
Low Cardiac Output
(MI, CHF, Cardiac Arrest)
Hypoxemia
(PaO2<60 mmHg or Sat <90)
Check PaO2
High A-a
Improves
Normal DLCO
Other V/Q Mismatch
(PNEUMONIA) can be considered
INCREASED DLCO
HEMMORAGE
POLYCTHEMIA
Obesity
Asthma
L-R intracardiac shunting
Mild L Heart Failure
Low DLCO
Diffusion Impairment
Pulmonoary Fibrosis
Pulmonary Edema
REDUCED DLCO
Emphysema
COPD
Loss of functional lung tissue
Anemia
Does not correct
SHUNT
R-L
Normal A-a
Low/normal PC02
LOW PIO2
(High Altitude)
Decreased Patm
Decreased Alveolar PO2
Pulmonary Blood Flow
Inc pulmonary resistance
Inc pulmonary a. pressure
Hypoxic Vasoconstriction
Arterial Blood
Decrease Pao2
Inc pH (resp alkalosis)
O2-Hemoglobin Curve
(inc 2,3-DPG (shifts to right)
Inc P50
Dec affinity for O2
Ventilation
Increase Va
Decrease CO2
1 more item...
Erythropoietin
dec PAO2 (Hypoxia)
Inc Renal synthesis of EPO
High PCO2
HYPOVENTILATION
Opioid, benzo, asphyxiation
Impaired tissue O2 Utilization
(cyanide toxicity)
Does not cause any reduction in oxygen carriage or toxicity
Difficulty in electron transport
Hypertrophy of R ventricle