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INTERMEDIATE CROP - OLEAGINOUS, INTERMEDIATE CROP - BRASSICACEAE,…
INTERMEDIATE CROP - OLEAGINOUS
Soybean
Inoculating soybean seeds with Biosoy biofertilizer containing Bradyrhizobium japonicum significantly enhanced growth and yield
Soybean yield and growth were improved by combining Bradyrhizobium japonicum and effective microorganisms (EM) with farmyard manure
Integrating winter rye cover crop - soybean improved soil health and enhancing overall soil quality
Applying 100% NPK plus 5 t FYM ha⁻¹ significantly improved soybean–safflower yields, soil health, higher productivity and microbial activity
Oilseed
Strengthening oilseed rape seedlings promoting vigorous growth, increased flowering, and up to 20% yield improvement
Light and simplified oilseed rape cultivation method to enhance productivity and production efficiency
Integrated biodiesel production process using oilseed - castor beans, usable as fertilizer, animal feed, or ethanol feedstock
Soil organic and inorganic amendments enhance soil health, nutrient efficiency of oilseed productivity
INTERMEDIATE CROP - BRASSICACEAE
Rapeseed / Brassica napus
Brassica napus on saline-alkali soil to achieve double cropping, improve land utilization, and enhance yield
Brassica napus in saline-alkali land by increasing soil cover and moisture, reducing salinity, improved land productivity
Transplantation technique for Brassica napus that conserves soil moisture, enhances yield and quality
Canola can be cultivated on highway right-of-way soils, demonstrating the marginal lands for bioenergy crop production
Waterlogging-resistant cultivation method for Brassica napus L.
Mustard / Brassica juncea
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) in Indian mustard cultivation enhances yield, soil health
Applying 8 kg/ha sulfur enhances the growth, improving plant height of Brassica juncea
Intercropping of mustard improves field ventilation, reduces diseases and pests, strengthens plant growth, higher yield
Brassica juncea serves as an effective phytoremediator for heavy metal–contaminated soils
Brassica juncea, improving yield, reducing pests and diseases, and enhancing selenium and nutritional content
Cabbage/ Brassica oleracea
Chinese cabbage planting method improves yield and soil fertility reducing heavy metal content
Cabbage rotation method enhances soil health and reduces pests
Cabbage cultivation, maximizing land use, yield, and economic benefits
Inoculating compost with Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum sp. enhanced Chinese cabbage growth and yield
Non-tillage cultivation method for chinese cabbage enhances soil health, reduces pests
Cauliflower
Three-season organic cauliflower cultivation method using greenhouse seeding improving yield and quality
Cauliflower planting enhances germination, growth rate and tasty cauliflowers with superior quality
Cauliflower cultivation method using microspore culture produces high-quality, disease- and stress-resistant cauliflowers
Cauliflower planting method reduces pests and diseases, and improves yield and quality through optimized seed treatment
INTERMEDIATE CROP - EUPHORBIACEAE
Castor/ Ricinus communis
Genomics-assisted breeding and genetic engineering for improving castor bean disease resistance
AM fungi enhance castor bean growth and stress tolerance under drought and salt conditions
Castor plants restore copper-contaminated soil while improving soil health
Soaking castor bean seeds in 250 µM gibberellic acid promotes growth and stress resistance under salt conditions
Magnetic slow-release bioactive compounds enhances nutrient uptake, root growth, and disease resistance in castor-oil plant
Integrated use of biofertilizers and vermicompost enhances growth such as plant height, leaf area in castor bean
Ecological restoration of lead-cadmium contaminated soil remediation by intercropping castor-oil plants
Jatropha
Cleft grafting method for jatropha curcas seedlings accelerates healthy growth and boosts yield up to 100%
Jatropha curcas cultivation using nutrition bag seedlings, to achieve 97% germination, high yield, quality oil content
Cultivating Jatropha curcas using nutrient-rich compost and a mycorrhizal polymer gel enables high yields
Enterobacter sp. R4-368 enhances growth, seed yield of Jatropha curcas by reducing fertilizer needs and boosting productivity
Jatropha increases biodiesel production and economic income by efficiently using land and fertilization
Jatropha curcas genetic variability and reproductive biology to enable breeding and improved seed yield
Jatropha curcas using sterilized, fertilized sand seedbeds improves seedling health, reduces pests
INTERMEDIATE CROP - MALVACEAE
Cotton
1:1 combination of biochar and cow manure optimally improves soil health and cotton yield
CIM-473 cotton varieties showed the highest salt tolerance and yield in salinity-affected areas
Bacterial fertilizers BIST and Subtin significantly enhance cotton germination, growth, and yield
Cotton cultivation under saline conditions, with vermicompost and cattle manure for reduce soil salinity, and enhance growth
Magnetic slow-release fertilizer with biomass and mineral components enhances cotton growth, yield, and nutrient uptake
Cultivation method for high-cadmium-absorbing cotton varieties improve growth, yield
Kenaf / Hibiscus cannabinus L.
Kenaf cultivars yield optimized by engineered yeast fermenting xylose under controlled conditions
INTERMEDIATE CROP - ASTERACEAE
Carthamus tinctorius/ Safflower
Organic fertilizers combined with diammonium phosphate enhance safflower yield
Applying 12 t/ha vermi-compost, with compost tea foliar spray, enhances growth and seed yield of safflower
Safflower can be cultivated for bio-products on marginal and agroforestry lands with manageable yield reductions
Inoculating safflower seeds with Pseudomonas fluorescens strains CHA0 improves germination rate, seedling growth
Safflower as drought-resilient oilseed crops for marginal lands with strong antioxidant properties
Sunflower/ Helianthus annuus
Sunflower crop rotation to effectively remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils
Biofertilizers improved yield, seed quality, and soil microbial activity in sunflower grown on sandy reclaimed soils
Reduces carbon footprints by growing biofuel crops like sunflower on roadside and unused lands
Sunflower cultivation on dry marginal lands profitable, enabling carbon sequestration and sustainable biofuel production
Desulfurization gypsum-based to improve solonetzic soil for sunflower planting to improve growth
Sunflowers grown on Pittsburgh’s marginal urban lands are can yield positive energy gains
OTHER INTERMEDIATE CROP - OAT/AVENA SATIVA
Cultivation method enables high-quality, high-yield barley-oat forage production in black land, improving land use efficiency
Improve soil health, reduce fertilizer use, and enhance spring oat yield and productivity under temperate conditions