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10.1 IPEKA Puri informatics Victoria - Coggle Diagram
10.1 IPEKA Puri informatics Victoria
Computer Network
Range
Local Area Network (LAN)
: Connects devices in a small, limited area like a home, office, or school building.
Campus Area Network (CAN)
: This network covers a limited geographical area that is, it spreads across several buildings within the campus. Its transmission speed is very high with a moderate maintenance cost and moderate cost.
Personal Area Network (PAN)
: A network for a single person, typically connecting devices like a computer, phone, and printer within a close range.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
: Spans a city or metropolitan area, connecting multiple LANs within that region.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
: Covers a large geographical area, such as a country or continent, connecting LANs and MANs over long distances, with the internet being the largest example.
Storage Area Network (SAN)
: is a dedicated, high-speed network that provides servers with block-level access to consolidated storage devices, making them appear as locally attached drives to the operating system.
System Area Network (SAN)
: A System Area Network is designed to connect high-performance computers within a localized, high-speed environment, such as in data centers or supercomputing facilities. A SAN provides access to block-level data storage.
Components
Hardware
cables
router
switches
modem
Software
Network protocols
HTTP (for web browsing)
SMTP (for sending email)
TCP/IP (the foundational internet protocols)
DNS (for translating domain names to IP addresses)
FTP (for file transfers).
Operating system
Windows (for PCs)
macOS (for Apple computers)
Linux (a versatile open-source OS)
Android and iOS (for mobile devices).
User
home users who browse the web and stream video
small office users who share resources
enterprise users who require secure access to company data.
Network Type
Cable
: Wired Connection
LAN
Backbone
RJ45
Switch
Ethernet cables for home/office networks
coaxial cables for cable TV and broadband internet
fiber optic cables for high-speed internet backbones
USB cables for connecting peripherals to computers
Wireless
: Wireless Connection
WiFi
Bluetooth
Satellite
Cellphone
IR
Radio
TV Broadcasting
Benefits
Sharing data and information
Sharing hardware (printers, scanners)
Faster communication
Time and cost efficiency
Computer System
Software
System Software
: Manages the internal functions of the computer and its hardware. For example, like Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Application Software
: Programs designed for specific user tasks, such as word processors, web browsers, or video games.
Hardware
Memory
: Temporary storage for data the CPU is actively using, such as RAM.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
: The "brain" of the computer, responsible for executing instructions. Example of CPUS include intel Core Series and AMD Ryzen series
Storage
: Long-term storage for data and programs, like hard drives and SSDs
Input Devices
: Allow users to send data to the system, such as a keyboard or mouse.
Output Devices
: Display the results of processed data, like a monitor.
Brainware
Brainware
refers to the humans who interact with or operate a computer system. Along with hardware (physical components) and software (programs and instructions), brainware is a critical, inseparable component of any functional computer system; without human input and control, the hardware and software cannot function effectively.
Computational Thinking
Definition
Computational Thinking (CT) is a problem-solving approach inspired by computer science that helps break down complex issues into manageable parts, Emphasizes logical, creative, and systematic thinking.
the Four Pillars of Computational Thinking
Decomposition
Decomposition involves breaking down compolex problems into smaller, manageable parts, making it easier to address each component. This method is similar to assembling a car piece by piece. you don't build a car in one go. You assemble the engine, sheets chassis, etc. Separately and then put them together
Pattern Recognition
identifying patterns allows us to solve problems more efficiently. By recognizing recurring themes, we can apply solutions from similar situations, making problem-solving faster and easier.
Abstraction
Abstraction involves ignoring irrelevant details and concentrating on essential features. This approach simplifies complex systems, similar to driving where only key controls matter for safety and direction.
Algorithm
An algorithm provides a clear set of instructions to solve a problem, just like following a recipe to cook a meal. Each step leads to successful outcomes.
Sorting
Bubble sort
pros : simple to understand
cons : very slow for large data
analogy: repeatedly bubbling the larger values to the end
Concept: repeatedly swap adjacent elements if they are in the wrong order
Selection sort :
Analogy : choosing the shortest person from a line to stand first
Pros: simple, fewer swaps than Bubble sort
Cons: still slow for large list
Concept: selection sort find the smallest item and places it at the beginning, repeat for the rest.
Insertion Sort:
Analogy: Sorting playing cards in your hand
Pros: fast for small data or nearly sorted data
cons: slow for large unsorted lists
Concept: Build the sorted list one item at a time by inserting elements into the correct position
Merge sorting:
Concept : divide the list into halves, sort each half, then merge them
Analoig: Think of it as organizing books by splitting into smaller groups first
pros: very fast for large data
cons: needs extra memory
Benefit
Problem-solving: It provides a systematic and logical way to solve complex problems effectively and efficiently.
Universal skill: It is a fundamental, transferable skill that is useful in many different areas, from coding to everyday life.
Education: It is being integrated into educational curricula to help students develop 21st-century skills.
Career advancement: It is a valuable skill in the job market, as it helps professionals leverage computers to solve problems in various industries.
ICT
Google Workspace
Sheets
to create, edit, and analyze spreadsheets, enabling users to organize data for personal, business, or educational purposes.
Slide
to create, format, and present slide-show presentations that can be collaborative, accessible from any device with an internet connection, and used for a variety of professional and educational purposes.
Docs
creating, editing, and collaborating on documents online, from simple letters to complex reports
Benefits
Time saving features streamline workflow and reduce repetitive tasks
imrpoved teamwork leads to better communication and collaboration on projects
maintaining data consistency minimizes errors and ensures information is always up-to-date
Key Features
Communication: Gmail (with custom domain email), Meet (video conferencing), and Chat (team messaging).
Collaboration and productivity: A suite of Docs, Sheets, and Slides for real-time, simultaneous editing of documents, spreadsheets, and presentations.
Storage: Google Drive for cloud-based storage and file sharing.
Organization: Calendar for scheduling and shared calendars, and Keep for digital notes.
Other tools: Forms for online surveys, Sites for creating project sites, and AppSheet for building no-code applications.
Advanced features: Some plans include AI-powered tools like Gemini, advanced security and admin controls, and noise cancellation in Meet.
How it works:
Cloud-based: All documents and files are stored on the cloud, making them accessible from anywhere.
Real-time collaboration: Multiple users can work on the same document at the same time, with all changes updated automatically.
Professional email: Businesses can get professional email addresses that use their own domain, such as
name@yourcompany.com.