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Principles of Vaccines - Coggle Diagram
Principles of Vaccines
Principles
Vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a specific disease or pathogen
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Secondary response (anamnestic) produces a rapid, intense increase in antibody levels
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Adverse Side Effects
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Dravet syndrome is a mutation in a gene (not passed from parents) and results in seizures that could be triggered by vaccines
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Types of Vaccines
Live Attenuated Vaccine
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Pros: long-lasting immunity, mimics natural infection, strong
Cons: not for immunocompromised individuals, requires refrigeration
examples: MMR, Varicella, Yellow Fever, OPV
Inactivated Vaccine
contain pathogens killed by heat, chemicals, or radiation
Pros: cannot cause disease, safe for immunocompromised individuals
Cons: weaker immune response, needs boosters
examples: HPV, Hep A, Rabies
Subunit, Recombinant, Polysaccharide, & Conjugate Vaccine
use only specific parts of the pathogen (protein, sugar, capsid)
Pros: very safe, targeted response
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examples: HPV, Hep B, Pneumococcal, Meningococcal
Toxoid Vaccine
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Pros: safe, targets toxin-mediated diseases
examples: Diptheria, Tetanus
mRNA Vaccine
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Pros: fast to design, strong immune response
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Viral Vector Vaccine
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Pros: strong immune response, adaptable
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examples: Johnson&Johnson COVID-19, Ebola