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Vascularisation OCF - Coggle Diagram
Vascularisation OCF
VASCULAR SYSTEM NOMENCLATURE
Definition: The vascular system refers to all blood vessels that transport blood throughout the body.
Main components
Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart.
Veins: Carry blood back to the heart.
Capillaries: Are the sites of exchange for nutrients, gases, and waste between blood and tissues.
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Primary Components
Lymph Vessels: Transport lymph fluid from the tissues.
Lymph Nodes:
Bean-shaped structures that filter lymph fluid.
Contain High Endothelial Venules (HEVs) which allow lymphocytes to enter the lymph nodes from the bloodstream.
Contain immune cells (lymphocytes, macrophages) for initiating immune responses.
Lacteals: Specialized lymph vessels in the small intestine that absorb dietary fats.
Key Functions
Maintain Fluid Balance
Collects excess interstitial fluid from tissues.
Filters it through lymph nodes and returns the cleaned fluid to the bloodstream.
Protect from Infection (Immune Function):
Detects foreign antigens and transports them to lymph nodes.
Activates lymphocytes (B and T cells) to produce antibodies and immune cells.
Initiates an immune response to destroy pathogens.
Absorb Fats from Digestion
Absorbs dietary fats in the small intestine.
Transports fats via lacteals.
Converts fats into chyle and delivers it to the bloodstream.
ARTERIAL & VENOUS SYSTEMS (OCF)
Arterial System (Supply)
Main Function: Carries oxygenated blood to the Cranial, Facial, and Oral structures.
Primary Source: Branches directly from the External Carotid Artery (ECA).
Major Branches Supplying OCF:
acial Artery (FA): Supplies the superficial face, lips (Superior/Inferior Labial Arteries), and terminates as the Angular Artery near the nose.
Maxillary Artery: Supplies deep structures, the oral cavity, nasal cavity, and teeth (e.g., Inferior Alveolar Artery for lower teeth; Palatine Arteries for the palate).
Lingual Artery: Supplies the entire tongue and the floor of the mouth.
Superficial Temporal Artery: Supplies the temple and scalp region.
Venous System (Drainage)
Main Function: Drains deoxygenated blood from the OCF region.
Main Pathways: Blood eventually drains into the Internal and External Jugular Veins.
Major Veins of Drainage (Tributaries):
Facial Vein: The primary superficial vein of the face (runs with the Facial Artery).
Retromandibular Vein: Formed by the union of the Superficial Temporal and Maxillary Veins.
Pterygoid Venous Plexus: A network of deep veins associated with the Maxillary Artery (drains teeth, muscles of mastication, and deep face).
Internal Jugular Vein (IJV): The major vein of the neck, draining blood from the brain and deep face.
External Jugular Vein (EJV): Drains blood primarily from the scalp and side of the face/neck.