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megan's living together, image - Coggle Diagram
megan's living together
population of living together
In a place with suitable conditions, organisms can live and reproduce
When a group of organisms live and reproduce in a particular area, a population is formed.
A zebra population living in the same area at the same time.
A population of a species includes the young and the adults.
A population consists of a frog and its tadpoles in a particular area.
The population size of a species living in the same area is the total number of the adults and young living in that area.
The population size of living organisms in an area may increase or decrease over time.
Increase
Higher birth rate but lower death rate( the birth organisms is higher that the death of organisms)
More organisms of the same species moving into the same area.
Decrease
Higher death rate but lower birth rate( the death organisms is higher that the birth of organisms)
Lack of food, water and air
Predators
illnesses
poison (rare)
More organisms of the same species leaving the existing area.
Habitat
A habitat is a particular place that plants and animals live and reproduce.
There are many different types of natural habitats on Earth where plants and animals live and reproduce
desert
pond
forest
A habitat must provide the following conditions for living organisms to live and reproduce
Food
Water
Air
Shelter
Space
There are many populations of different species of organisms living in the same habitat.
In a pond habitat, it can make up of the populations of water plants, fish, butterflies, pond snails, mosquitoes, birds, and frogs.
When different populations of organisms live in the same habitat, they form a community.
A community consisting of populations of zebras, birds, grasses, and deer in the same habitat.
In a community, they must interact with one another for their survival, so they are interdependent.
In a pond
The water plants provide food and oxygen for aquatic animals.
The aquatic animals provide carbon dioxide for water plants to make food
The animals living around the pond feed on aquatic animals.
The water plants depend on animals in pollination or dispersal.
The conditions in one habitat is different from other habitats.
Animals living in a forest habitat may not be able to survive in a desert habitat where the amount of water is low and the changes in temperature are extreme.
Therefore, organisms in one habitat may not be able to survive in another habitat if they cannot adapt to the conditions in their new habitat.
A habitat can also be man-made. A man-made habitat is called an artificial habitat.
An aquarium, a terrarium, or a man-made cage is an artificial habitat.
artificial habitat
humans create suitable conditions for other living organisms to
Examples
In terrariums,
animals are provided with enough water, food, shelter, space, and air so that they can survive and reproduce.
survive
reproduce
Different Types Of Communities
Seashore
A seashore habitat consists of the land near the sea
This area may be covered by sandy or muddy shores. It may also have pebbles, small rocks, or large rocks.
Animals living in this community must be able to tolerate great changes in water levels and temperatures in a day.
When tides come in, they carry plankton and dead plants and animals. Animals like shorebirds, anemones, crabs, barnacles, starfish, and small fish feed on the food the waves bring in.
Animals like clams and mussels have shells to protect them from being smashed on the rocks by waves.
Other animals like limpets, starfish, and seaweed attach themselves to rocks so they do not wash out with the tides.
Seaweeds growing on a large rock.
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Crabs, mollusks, sea urchins, and some bacteria burrow under the sand when the tide is low.
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Mangrove Swamp
Mangrove swamps are muddy areas that are covered with seawater during high tides.
A mangrove swamp is located near the mouths of rivers commonly
Plants growing in the mangrove swamps can survive in salty seawater with their special roots. They can use their roots to obtain oxygen from the air and to hold themselves firmly in the soft mud.
Mangrove swamps provide habitats for various animals such as crabs, snakes, crocodiles, mudskippers, shorebirds, hummingbirds, and mosquitoes.
Some marine animals, such as shellfish, may be found attaching to the roots of mangroves.
Pond
A pond is an enclosed area filled with water.
A pond habitat is full of life because it may contain shallow water with aquatic plants and animals.
3 common types of plant populations in a pond habitat
Floating plants
The whole plant grows under water completely.
Hydrilla
Cabomba
Fanwort
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Partially/Half submerged plants
Half of the plant with roots grows in the water.
The other half, consisting of leaves, flowers, and fruits, grows above the water surface
Cattail
Lotus
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Fully submerged plants
Roots are found below water surfaces
Duckweed
Water hyacinth
Water lettuce
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Animal populations can be found in three different parts of a pond
Near the water
Butterfly, Dragonfly, Bird, Mosquito, Frog, Earthworm, Pond skater, Backswimmer
In the water
Dragonfly nymph, Water spider, Tadpole, Wriggler, Fish
When the young and the adult of the same kind of organisms live in different parts of a pond during the different stages of the life cycle, they still belong to the same population.
The adult frogs and tadpoles in a pond belong to the same population (not counted as two different populations).
Water plants supply oxygen and food to animals living in the same habitat.
Some animals feed on plants. Other animals feed on animals.
Fungi such as toadstool and bracket fungus
Microorganisms such as bacteria and amoeba
Garden
A garden is a piece of land area adjoining a house or a school, in which grass, flowers, or shrubs may be grown.
A garden community may contain a variety of living things in it
Bird, Bee, Butterfly, Garden snail, Grasshopper Beetle, Slug, Woodlouse Termite, Earthworm, Lizard
Fungi and microorganisms
Mushrooms, bracket fungus, Bacteria
Plants
Moss, Rose plant, Palm tree, Angsana, Orchids, Staghorn ferns, Bird's nest ferns
Leaf Litter
Leaf litter refers to dead plant parts that have fallen to the ground.
There is insufficient sunlight in this habitat. It is hot and humid and the air is still.
Most leaf litter is found on the forest floor, where sunlight is blocked by the leaves of tall trees.
Leaf litter provides habitat for a variety of organism
Animals depend on leaf litter for shelter and food (e.g., salamanders, spiders, ovenbirds).
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A leaf litter community may also be present in a forest community.
Forest
A forest is a very large area covered with trees, providing a habitat for various types of plants and animals.
Mammals (e.g., tiger, monkey), Reptiles (e.g., snakes, lizards), Amphibians (e.g., frogs, newt)BirdsInsects
Banyan tree, Kapok tree, Fig tree, Liana, Ferns, Mosses, Lichens
Mushrooms, Bracket fungus, Bacteria
Besides leaf litter communities, other smaller communities such as single plant communities and rotting log communities may also be found in a forest.
Rotting Log
A log is a part of the trunk or a large branch of a tree that has fallen.
Many decomposers, some too tiny to be seen, can be found living on a log. When they digest the log, the log starts to decay. When a log is decaying, it is called a rotting log.
Fungi, earthworms, and bacteria are the common decomposers living among a rotting log.
There is insufficient sunlight in this habitat. It is hot and humid, and the air is still.
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A single plant can support a variety of other living things by providing food, shelter, and space.
Bird's nest ferns and lianas living on a single tree.
A single tree supporting animals such as birds, ants, and squirrels.
Single Plant
