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Hazards - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Natural event which poses a threat or danger to human life or property
    - - Natural event which does not pose a threat or danger to human life or property because it is in an unpopulated area
    - - Protection measures and changes put in place to safeguard, as far as possible, local people's lives and property
    - - Identification of threats and taking decisions about how to reduce types of risk (social, economic, political) to a normal standard of living
    - - The ability of people to recover and bounce back from a hazard event and return, as far as possible, to a normal standard of living
    - - Management measures taken to reduce the severity or extent of the impacts a hazard may have, eg mapping previous hazards
    - - Stopping a hazard from happening or reducing its impacts it has to zero
    - - Increasing awareness amongst local people about what to do in the event of a hazard to reduce the impacts it has on them
    - - The use of monitoring techniques to provide warnings prior to the occurence of a hazard event
  - - - HIC vs LIC
        
        LIC is less developed so will have less protection as well as struggle to rebuild and higher populations
      - Inland area vs Coastal area
        
        Coastal is more likely to be hit by a variety of hazards and have only one way to evacuate
      - Urban area vs Rural area
        
        Urban has higher population and more property so can experience more damage and risk
      - Upland area vs Lowland area
        
        Lowland more likely to experience hazards such as flooding
    - - Magnitude
      - Predictability
      - Timing
      - Areal extent of event
      - Frequency
      - Duration
      - Speed of event
    - - Types of impact
        
        Social
        
        Anything to do with people and community
        
        Economic
        
        Anything to do with money or investment
        
        Environmental
        
        Anything to go with wildlife and habitats
        
        Political
        
        Anything linked to politics or government
      - Temporal scale
        
        Short term
        
        Long term
      - Spatial scale
        
        Local
        
        Regional
        
        National
        
        International
        
        Global
  - - - How can we change to reduce the impact of an event in ways such as not building in areas susceptible to the event.
      - People can prepare for and survive an event by prediction, protection and planning
    - - The idea that an event or danger is part of God's plan and if its impacts are fatal then so be it
      - Do not anything can help or be done to prevent it
      - Past experiences picture a non-dangerous approach
    - - Perception of the hazard is such that people feel so vulnerable to an event that they are no longer able to face living there.
  - - - Response/relief
        
        Where medical attention, rescue services and overall care is given. This can last from a few hours to a few days based on severity
      - Rehabilitation
        
        Where people try to return the state of life to normal by providing food, water and shelter for the most affected
      - Reconstruction
        
        Where infrastructure and property are reconstructed. At this time people use their experience to prepare for a future repeat.
    - - Advantages
        
        It shows that hazard management is a continuous process with no end
        
        Shows clear phases within the cycle
      - Disadvantages
        
        Does not show level of impact so severity cannot be reflected on
        
        Does not describe phrases as well
        
        Lack of axis
        
        Does not account for different events
    - - Advantages
        
        Has axis
        
        Can account to different events
        
        Describes phases well
        
        Shows levels of impact overtime, makes it effective to compare events
      - Disadvantages
        
        No distinctive phases/stages
        
        Does not include management or planning but only response
        
        Does not show everlasting management
        
        Cannot quantify impacts