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Motors - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Single-Phase / Three-Phase
      - Synchronous: Runs at synchronous speed (Rotor speed = Stator field speed)
      - Asynchronous (Induction): Runs slower than synchronous speed (has slip)
    - - Brushed DC Motor
      - Brushless DC Motor
- - - - Permanent Magnet
      - Reluctance
    - - High efficiency
      - Precise speed control
    - - Not self-starting
      - Require control
      - More expensive
  - - - Self-starting
      - simple
      - Durable
      - low cost
    - - Less efficient
      - speed varies with load
- - - - Stator (windings)
      - Rotor (permanent magnets)
    - - Electronic commutation (using a controller & Hall sensors) sequentially energizes stator coils
    - - Inner Rotor (high torque)
      - Outer Rotor (lower cogging)
    - - High efficiency
      - low maintenance
      - long life
      - high speed
      - better heat dissipation
    - - Complex & expensive control
      - requires a controller
  - - - Stator (Pernament Magnet / Electromagnet
      - Armature (Rotor)
      - Commutator
      - Brushes
    - - Commutator & brushes reverse current in the armature, creating continuous rotation
    - - Simple control
      - high starting torque
    - - Brush wear
      - electrical noise
      - lower speed range
- - - - Regenerative: Converts rectified DC to correct voltage for battery charging
      - Subsystem: Steps down high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC for vehicle electronics
  - - - Main Relays (+ & -)
      - Pre-charge Relay
      - Safety Plug (Fuse)
      - Current Sensor
    - - Shutdown: Capacitor discharge (Active: fast via inverter; Passive: slow via resistors)
      - Startup: Circuit testing, Pre-charging (to protect battery from inrush current)
      - Ready Mode: Main relays close, vehicle ready to drive