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Proteins - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Peptide bond is formed
      - Between H of the amine group and OH of the carboxyl group
      - 2 peptides/amino acids form a dipeptide
    - - Peptide bond is broken
      - Between a H of the amine group and OH of the carboxyl group
      - Dipeptide is broken down into 2 peptides/amino acids
  - - - Only amino acid with sulphur in it, so can form disulphide bonds
    - - Smallest amino acid
- - - - Hydrogen bonds between O and H similarly to secondary
        
        These bonds are weak
      - Hydrophobic / hydrophilic
        
        Between hydrophobic / hydrophilic R groups
      - Ionic bonds
        
        Between positively charged / negatively charged R groups
      - Disulphide bonds
        
        Between R groups containing Sulphur
        
        These are covalent and therefore strong
      - Many bonds/interactions are R group specific
  - - - Lots of bonds that are weak (strength in numbers)
- - - - Each subunit contains a haem group
        
        Therefore is a conjugated protein
        
        A protein that contains a non-protein group/prosthetic group
        
        This contains iron
  - - - Inside RBC's and bind to oxygen
        
        This is done at the haem group
- - - - Structure in arteries to keep blood flow
      - If vessel is injured, it becomes exposed and attracts platelets and causes blood clotting (scabs)
    - - Strengthens hair, skin and nails
  - - - Around 1/3 of collagen is the amino acid glycine
        
        Glycine is the smallest amino acid
        
        So we get tight coils which is strong
      - Staggered ends connecting each chain
        
        Prevents any line of weakness in the protein