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PE - The Cardiovascular System - Coggle Diagram
PE - The Cardiovascular System
3 parts
Heart
cardiac muscle, pushes oxygenated and deoxygenated blood around the body
Blood Vessels
a network of tubes running throughout the body
transports blood cells to necessary organs and muscle tissue
Red Blood Cells
carries oxygen to working muscles
Function
to transport oxygen and nutrients to working muscles
to remove CO2 and waste products from the muscles
The Double Circulatory System
The Pulmonary System
controls blood flow from heart to lungs
deoxygenated
The Systemic System
controls blood flow from heart to rest of working muscles and organs
oxygenated
Blood Vessels
Artery
Structure
Thick muscular walls
Small lumen
Function
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
high pressure
Vasodilate and vasoconstrict to redistribute blood during exercise
Veins
Structure
Thin muscular walls
Pocket valves
Large lumen
Function
prevent backflow of blood on return to heart
low pressure
venous return makes blood available to pump
Capillaries
Structure
One cell thick wall
Very narrow lumen
Function
Allow gaseous exchange (O2 + CO2)
allow transfer of nutrients into muscle
Blood
Red Blood Cells
carry oxygen from lungs to cells
Structure
biconcave
large S.A
absorb oxygen
No nucleus
more room for oxygen
Haemoglobin
red pigment
in lungs
bind to oxygen
oxyhaemoglobin
body tissues
splits back up to release oxygen
White Blood Cells
defend against infections
Structure
some change shape
eat microorganisms
produce antibodies
fight microorganisms
antitoxins
neutralise toxins
Platelets
help blood clot at wound
stop blood pouring out
stop microorganisms
Structure
small fragments of cells
no nucleus
Plasma
pale straw-coloured liquid
carries everything in blood
RBC, WBC, platelets
glucose and amino acids
CO2
urea
Hormones
Proteins
Antibodies
Antitoxins
55%
maintains body temp
Cardiac Cycle
Heart Rate
number of heart beats per minute
BPM
Stroke Volume
amount of blood pumped out of left ventricle during each contraction
ml
Cardiac Output
volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute
L/min
Heart Rate X Stroke Volume