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SCIATICA - Coggle Diagram
SCIATICA
Definition
Pain radiating along the sciatic nerve (from lower back → buttock → posterior leg). Caused by compression or irritation of the lumbosacral nerve roots (L4–S3). Typically unilateral
Clinical Presentation
Numbness, tingling, or weakness in affected leg
Worsens with coughing, sneezing, or sitting
Sharp, shooting pain radiating down leg (below knee)
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Pathophysiology
Other causes: spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, tumor, piriformis syndrome
Nerve root compression → inflammation, ischemia, and neuronal dysfunction
Most common cause: lumbar disc herniation (L4–L5, L5–S1)
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Treatment
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Conservative first-line: rest, NSAIDs, physiotherapy, heat/ice
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Examination Findings
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Motor weakness (e.g. foot dorsiflexion for L5, plantarflexion for S1)
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Risk Factors
Occupational strain (heavy lifting, prolonged sitting)
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