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Involuntary movements - Coggle Diagram
Involuntary movements
Tone: amt of tension or stiffness in a resting muscle or amt of resistance present in resting muscle during passive stretch
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High tone
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Rigidity: resistance to movement, indep. of speed, resistance throughout range: Extrapyramidal tract
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Lead-Pipe rigidity
Increased resistance to passive range throughout ROM, consistent resistance, resistance in both agonist and antagonist
Decorticate
flexed upper limbs, extended neck and lower limbs
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Reflexes: involun. response to a stimulus that utilizes a feedback loop at the spinal cord level and is modulated by descending input from the brain
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Dyskinesias: abnormal, uncontrolled involuntary movement
Resting tremors
involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movements of reciprocally innervated muscles, occuring when limb is at rest
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Athetosis
Slow writhing mvmts, typically involving the hands and face
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Chorea
Abrupt, invol, variable, random flow, arrhythmic, forcible, rapid, jerky mvmts.
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Ballismus
Uncontrollable, violent, flailing mvmts of the entire limb, typically unilateral
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Akinesias: abnormal invol postures, associated with damage to basal ganglia
Dystonia
Persistent muscle contraction resulting in abnormal postures as agonist and antagonist muscles contract, leading to unilateral positions of the body
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Babinski Sign
Abnormal cutaneous reflex, sensory input to the bottom of the foot leads to great toe extension and fanning of the other toes
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