Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
1 - Cryptographic Foundations - Coggle Diagram
1 - Cryptographic Foundations
Fundamental goals
Confidentiality
Integrity
Through verification of digital signature
Authentication
Non-repudiation
Vocabulary
cryptology = cryptography + cryptanalysis
One-way function = mathematical operation producing output values for each possible combination of inputs but makes it impossible to retrieve the input values.
Nonce = number used once
Zeo-knowledge proofs = prove that you know the key without disclosing it
Split knowledge = split of the key to different people making that none knows the full key
Work function = time and effort required to perform a complete brute-force attack against an encryption system
FIPS 140-3 "Security requirements for cryptographic modules"
Ciphers
Substitution
Transposition
Vigenère (quadratic table with cleartext and key => ciphertext)
One-time pad = Vernam Cipher (len(random key) == len(cleartext)
Running key ciphers (sentence in a book at a specific chapter)
Block ciphers
Apply the encryption algorithm to an entire message block
Stream cipher
Operate on one character or bit of a message at a time
Obscure plaintext messages
Confusion = make the relationship between the plaintext and the key complicated to prevent successful analysis of the ciphertext to retrieve the key
Diffusion = when a change in the plaintext results in multiple changes spread throughout the ciphertext