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IMPERIAL PRESIDENTS - Coggle Diagram
IMPERIAL PRESIDENTS
William McKinley (1896- 1901)
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McKinley wanted the U.S. to become a world power.
He aimed to expand U.S. trade and influence overseas.
He supported the idea of gaining territories to increase economic growth.
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Spanish - American War
The Spanish-American War was fought in 1898 between the U.S. and Spain over Cuban independence.
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"The Open Door Policy"
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Expansion of U.S. influence and territory abroad.
Promote economic interests by opening foreign markets.
Establish U.S. dominance in the Pacific and Latin America
Involved with:
Panama
(Support for a canal through Panama, leading to future U.S. involvement).
Philippines
(Acquired after the Spanish-American War, 1898).
Hawaii
(Annexation of Hawaii in 1898).
China
(Open Door Policy to ensure access to Chinese markets).
Cuba
(U.S. intervention in Cuban War of Independence, results in U.S. control).
Puerto Rico
(Acquired after the Spanish-American War, 1898).
Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1908)
Big Stick Diplomacy
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To strengthen U.S. influence in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Promote peace and stability through U.S. intervention when necessary.
Build a powerful navy to project U.S. power.
Negotiate peace but maintain the ability to use force if needed.
Involved with:
Panama
(Supports Panama’s independence from Colombia and gains control of the Panama Canal Zone).
Cuba
(U.S. influence under the Platt Amendment).
Dominican Republic
(Intervention in financial matters under the Roosevelt Corollary).
Mexico
(Maintains a delicate relationship; sends military to intervene in border disputes).
Japan
(Facilitates the Treaty of Portsmouth to end the Russo-Japanese War, 1905).
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was a conflict between Russia and Japan over control of Manchuria and Korea.
Colombia
(Conflict over Panama’s separation; U.S. mediates).
Roosevelt believed in negotiating peacefully but keeping a strong military (“speak softly and carry a big stick”).
He wanted the U.S. to be the dominant power in Latin America.
He aimed to protect American business and maintain stability in the Western Hemisphere.
William Howard Taft (1909-1912)
Dollar Diplomacy
Promote U.S. economic interests abroad through investment and trade.
Use financial power (loans, investments) to ensure stability in Latin America and Asia.
Replace military intervention with economic influence.
Roosevelt believed in negotiating peacefully but keeping a strong military (“speak softly and carry a big stick”).
He wanted the U.S. to be the dominant power in Latin America.
He aimed to protect American business and maintain stability in the Western Hemisphere.
Involved with:
Mexico
(Invested in Mexican infrastructure, especially railroads).
China
(Continued support for the Open Door Policy to protect American business interests).
Honduras
(U.S. economic intervention and investment).
Nicaragua
(Taft sent U.S. troops to protect American interests and loans).
Woodrow Wilson (1913 -1920)
Moral Diplomacy
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Spread democratic ideals and promote human rights.
Avoid imperialistic practices; focus on moral and ethical approaches.
Uphold the principle of self-determination for nations.
Promote peace and democracy, but intervene if necessary to safeguard American interests or moral principles.
Wilson wanted to spread democracy and moral values around the world.
He opposed imperialism and refused to support corrupt or undemocratic governments.
His goal was to make the world safe for democracy.
Involved with
Mexico
(Intervenes in the Mexican Revolution, sends troops to punish Pancho Villa after an attack on U.S. soil).
Germany and Europe
(Entered World War I in 1917 to protect democracy and stop aggression).
WOLRD WAR I
World War I began in 1914. The U.S. joined in 1917 under President Wilson to protect democracy after German submarine attacks. The Allies won, and Wilson later promoted peace through the League of Nations.
Haiti and Dominican Republic
(Sent U.S. troops to restore order and promote democratic governments).
