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Non-Finite Verbs (Verbids), Types, Opposition of finite and non-finite…
Non-Finite Verbs (Verbids)
Forms
Form III: The Participle
The
Present
Participle
Functions
Function I: Combination with nouns expressing the object of the action.
Function II: Combination with nouns expressing the subject of the action.
Function III: Combination with modifying adverbs.
Function IV: Combination with auxiliary finite verbs (word-morphemes) in the analytical forms of the verb.
Present Participle Combinations
Verb-type
With nouns expressing the subject of the action (in semi-predicative complexes).
With modifying adverbs.
With auxiliary finite verbs (word-morphemes) in the analytical
forms of the verb.
With nouns expressing the object of the action.
Adverb-type
Revealed in its association
with the modified verbs.
The
Past
Participle
Functions
Function I: Attribute
Function II: Predicative
Has no distinct combinability features.
Form II: The Gerund
Functions
Function I: Subject.
ex.:
The heist is their
doing
.
Function II: Object.
ex.:
I started
doing
exercises.
Function III: Object in usage with a proposition.
ex.:
Think before
doing
something dumb.
Gerund combinations
Verb-type
With nouns expressing the object of the action.
With
modifying adverbs.
With certain semi-functional predicator verbs.
(Other than modal)
Noun-type
With finite notional verbs as the object of the action.
With finite notional verbs as the prepositional adjunct of various.
With finite notional verbs as the subject of the action.
With nouns as the prepositional adjunct of various functions.
Form I: The Infinitive/Verbal Nominative
Infinitive combinations
With nouns expressing the subject of the action.
With modifying adverbs.
With predicator verbs of semi-functional nature forming a verbal predicate.
With auxiliary finite verbs (word-morphemes) in the analytical forms of the verb.
With nouns expressing the object of the action.
Functions
Function I: Notional, self-positional syntactic part of the sentence.
Function II: Notional constituent of a complex verbal predicate built-up around a predicator verb.
Function III: Notional constituent of a finite conjugation of a verb.
Infintive grammatical categories
The category of voice (passive in opposition)
The aspective category of development (continuous in opposition)
The aspective category of retrospective coordination (perfect in opposition)
Combinations
With non-processual lexemes like verbs (performing verbal
functions in the sentence).
With verbs like non-processual lexemes (performing non-verbal functions in the sentence).
Types
Type I: Marked Infinitive
ex.:
I want
to
continue
.
Type II: Unmarked Infinitive
ex.:
They made him
do
it
Type III: Split Infinitive
ex.: You have
to
really
want
it.
Opposition of finite and non-finite verbs
Verbs
Express full predication.
Non-Finite Verbs (Verbids)
Express semi-predication.
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Тимонин, Клейн, Шкуратов