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CH.22 Industrial Revolution - Coggle Diagram
CH.22 Industrial Revolution
Lesson 1
middle 1700's
eastern England,southern Scotland
industry
abundant natural resources
water power
coal
iron
a rise in population
favorable geography
island nation
a lot of harbors
trade
raw materials
6,000 merchant ships
favorable climate
Royal society
the exchange of scientific ideas and practical inventions
Lunar society
A good banking system
making loans
encouraged invest
building new factories
machinery and perations
political stability
no fight in British land
during 1700s
no worry about destroying property
influence of merchants and business man in parliament
Why?
No small farms in 1700s
agricultural revolution
enclosure
scientific revolution
Jethro Tull
the seed drill
crop rotation
Viscount Charles Townshend
Turnip Townshend
crop which tend to wear out the soil
crop which restored the soil
Enlightenment
improved livestock
Robert Bakewell
only the best animals to breed
Effects on population
more food by improved livestock and corps
immigration to North America
a rise in population
medical advance
a smallpox vaccine
Edward Jenner
new farming methods
helped quicken industrial progress
new workers
Lesson 2.
Industrial revolution in Britain
inventions
Raw wool and wool cloth
by hand with spinners and weavers
wheels and looms
no cotton
Linen
lighter weight cloth
flax plant
cotton
light and durable
high cost for buying
the first invention
1733
John Kay
flying shuttle
hand operated
American invention
Eli Whitney
cotton gin
James Hargreaves
a prize
better spinning machine
1764
a new spinning wheel
6 or 8 threads
the spinning jenny
hand-opereated
Richard Arkwright
water frame
1769
too large and expensive
Samuel Crompton
1779
spinning mule
strong thread
finer thread
even thread
expensive
too large
factories
Edmund Cartwright
steam engine
James Watt
Glasgow Green
less fuel
Matthew Boulton
Entrepreneurs
improved by.....
more efficient
Lesson 3
Transportation
before industrial revolution
water transportation
cheapest
good harbors
Barges
iron
bricks
goods
Horse drawn barge
no river
inefficient
unload
after industrial revolution
canals
late 1700s-Early 1800s
human made waterways
roads improved
John McAdam
drainage
large stones
macadam roads
crushed rock
steam power&railraods
locomotive
Richard Trevithick(1804)
1st steam engine on rails
10tons 10miles
too big
George Stephenson
for mines
1st railroad
Rocket(1829)
24mph
Liverpool -Manchester
effects
Jobs
track building
coal&iron
Industrial growth
fast&cheap
factories anywhere
Agriculture& Fishing
milk,friut and fish
Travel revolution
faster&cheaper
tourism
spread of indurstrial revoultion
UK
keep secrets!!
law
dominance by 1850
produce most of world's iron&coal
70% Europes cotton cloth
6,084 miles of railroads
Workshop of the world
strong merchant fleet
huge foreign trade
USA
Samuel Slater(1789)
memorized spinning machine
Rhode Island(1790)
Moses Brown
1st U.S. factory
Pawtucket
thread+cloth
spread acrooss northeastern 1850
Europe
slow start
Belgium
first industrialize
William Cockerill(1799)
cotton machine
steam engines&locomotives
Germany
Ruhr Valley
Industrial center
Italy
Po Valley
Milan
Lesson 4
Urbanization in Europe
move rural to cities
more jobs
crop failures(weather)
steady wages
working conditions
14hours/day
6days/week
mines' life expectancy 10 years less
1800-1850
population growth
factory clusters near power sources
machine accidents
major industrial centers
Southern Wales
Clyde River valley
Midlands
Pennines
London
the largest city in Europe
huge labor pool
Manchester&Liverpool
cotton industry
What Manchester thinks today, London thinks tomorrow
Manchester
population growth
45,000(1760)->300,000(1850)
pollution
smoke
Sanitation
Living condition
poor housing
life expectancy
wealth gap
infrastructure imporvements
rapid industrial growth
industrial problems
child labor
impersonal overseers
as trappers
orphans
worst conditions
long hours
12-14hours minimal breaks
1831 parilament investigation
factory Act 1833
no chilld under 9 years
ages:9-13: max 8hohurs/day
14-18:mas 12hours/day
mines act 1842
similar limits in mines
truancy laws
middle class
wealth from
factories
shipping
merchants
upper middle
managers
doctors
lawyers
lower middle
overseers
skilled workers
laissez faire
government
underrepresented in Parilament
war, law/order only
only property owners voted
no workers
no office
early 1800s
worker unrest
1815-1819
riots, protests
labor unions
better wages&conditions
skilled workers
De Tocqueville(1848)
warned of rising worker unrest