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Embedded System Hardware - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Depends on how often circuits switch, their load, and the supply voltage level.
  - - - Increases with higher temperature and smaller transistor sizes.
  - - - Off-chip memory access consumes much more energy than on-chip operations.
- - - - Designers focus on total energy per instruction or per task.
  - - - Application-specific chips are the most efficient, followed by FPGAs and CPUs.
  - - - Trade-offs depend on workload and real-time deadlines.
- - - - Reduces energy when full speed isn’t needed but slows execution slightly.
  - - - Used in processors like StrongARM to save significant energy.
  - - - Helps minimize leakage and dynamic waste.
- - - - Tasks with lower urgency run at lower frequencies to save energy.
  - - - Better instruction locality reduces memory and bus activity.
  - - - Lower speed reduces voltage needs and energy per operation.
- - - - Ideal settings depend on application timing constraints.
  - - - Transmeta Crusoe used software-based power management effectively.
  - - - Use caching, compression, and efficient code to minimize fetch energy.