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HOFSTEDE'S 6 DIMENSIONS - Coggle Diagram
HOFSTEDE'S 6 DIMENSIONS
Individualism vs Collectivism
Collectivism
Group harmony
Shared responsibitlity
Community
Long-term relationship
eg. China, Vietnam, Inda
Individualism
Independence
Personal goals
Individual achievement
Self-reliance
Temporary relationship
eg. USA, Australia
Indulgence vs Self-restraint
Indulgence
Enjoy life and have fun
Express emotions openly
Optimistic outlook
Leisure is important
Freedom of speech and choice
Active participation in social life
High consumption culture
Happiness and well-being valued
e.g., USA, Mexico, Australia
Self-restraint
Control desires and emotions
Value discipline and duty
Social norms restrict behavior
Modesty and self-control
Work over pleasure
Reserved emotional expression
Focus on rules and traditions
Happiness not openly expressed
e.g., Vietnam, China, Russia
Uncertainty Avoidance
Low Uncertainty Avoidance
More relaxed about rules
Open to change and innovation
Comfortable with ambiguity
Flexible decision-making
Risk-taking encouraged
Fewer formal rules
Adaptable and creative thinking
Tolerant of different opinions
e.g., Vietnam, Singapore, USA
High Uncertainty Avoidance
Prefer clear rules and structure
Avoid taking risks
Feel uncomfortable with ambiguity
Need stability and security
Strict laws and regulations
Resistance to change
Detailed planning and procedures
High stress and anxiety about the unknown
e.g., Japan, France, South Korea
Long-term vs Short-term Orientation
Long-term Orientation
Focus on future rewards
Perseverance and patience
Long-term planning and investment
Saving and thrift
Adaptation and flexibility
Respect for learning and innovation
Pragmatic values
Willing to delay gratification
e.g., China, Japan, South Korea
Short-term Orientation
Focus on immediate results
Respect for traditions and social obligations
Quick success and fast profits
Stability and consistency
Concern for social status
Live for the present
Preference for quick achievements
Less focus on saving or long-term goals
e.g., USA, Philippines, Nigeria
Masculinity vs Femininity
Masculinity
clear seperation role
competitive
ambitious
high value on success
eg. Japan, Italy, USA
Femininity
overlapping roles
modest
caring and nuturing
high value on human relationships
eg. Vietnam, Norway, Sweden
Power Distance
High power distance
inequality
respected authority
formal
large population
lower income
centralized power
authoritarian
eg. Malaysia, China, Vietnam
Low power distance
equality
questioned authority
decentralized power
demorcratic and consultative
informal
smaller population
high income
eg. Denmark, Australia