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Movement into and out of cells, is categorized as, occurs through, is…

- - - - does not require
        
        Energy (ATP)
      - moves substances
        
        Down the concentration gradient (High to Low)
      - is driven by
        
        Concentration gradient or Water potential gradient
      - Diffusion
        
        is the movement of
        
        Any particles from high to low concentration
        
        is affected by
        
        Temperature, Surface Area, etc.
      - Osmosis
        
        is the movement of
        
        Water molecules only
        
        occurs across
        
        Partially Permeable Membrane
        
        is described by
        
        Water moves down the water Potential Gradient
        
        from
        
        High water potential (dilute solution) to Low water potential (concentrated solution)
        
        causes the
        
        Effect on Cells
        
        Plant Cell in Concentrated Solution
        
        results in
        
        Cell becoming flaccid and plasmolysed.
        
        Plant Cell in Pure Water
        
        leads
        
        Cell becoming turgid.
        
        Animal Cell in Pure Water
        
        results in
        
        Cell swells and bursts.
    - - moves substances
        
        Against the concentration gradient (Low to High)
      - is powered by
        
        Respiration
      - requires
        
        Energy (ATP)