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English - Coggle Diagram
English
Speaking
Your native language doesn’t have the same sounds → Certain English sounds don’t exist in your first language (e.g., “th” /θ/ or /ð/, “r”, “v”, “ɪ”), so your brain doesn’t recognize or reproduce them naturally.
Different stress and rhythm patterns → English is stress-timed, while many languages (like French, Spanish, or Arabic) are syllable-timed, leading to unnatural rhythm.
Vowel confusion → English has many subtle vowel distinctions (e.g., ship/sheep, full/fool, cot/caught), and most learners collapse them into one.
Lack of connected speech awareness → Native speakers link words together (“wanna”, “gonna”, “didja”) while learners often pronounce each word separately.
Wrong syllable stress → Misplacing stress (e.g., COMfortable → /ˈkʌmf.tə.bəl/ not /kəmˈfɔːr.tə.bl/) can make you sound robotic or unclear.
Intonation patterns differ → English uses rising and falling tones to show emotion, emphasis, or question intent. Learners often keep flat intonation.
Consonant clusters → Words like texts, worlds, crisps are hard if your language doesn’t allow multiple consonants together.
Physical exercices
Tongue and mouth positioning habits → The muscles of your mouth are trained by your native language — retraining them for English takes time.
Limited jaw, lip, or tongue flexibility → You may not open your mouth enough (common among French or Japanese speakers), causing muffled vowels.
Breathing and airflow differences → English requires strong aspiration (puff of air) for sounds like p, t, k, which some languages don’t use.
Psychological exercices
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Speak aloud, so your brain can build muscle memory
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Reasons
Not enough listening to native speakers → Your brain learns pronunciation through listening — if your input is limited or too “textual,” improvement slows.
Listening mostly to one accent → Focusing only on American or British English can create rigidity — you don’t adapt to variations.
Low-quality or artificial listening material → Many “learning” recordings sound overly clear and robotic, unlike real-life speech.
Learning Strategy
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Pronunciation Training
Learn phonemes, IPA symbols, or mouth placement
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Env
Little real conversation practice → If you mostly read or write, your speaking muscle stays weak.
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Background noise / bad mic quality → If you don’t clearly hear or record yourself, you miss subtle corrections.
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