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Media and Crime, Glossary - Coggle Diagram
Media and Crime
News values - criteria that influence the selection and presentation if events in the news, these are not universal.
Immediacy – stories that can be reported relatively quickly in a straightforward fashion are regarded as more newsworthy than stories that unfold over a period of time in a complex fashion.
Dramatisation – some crimes can be reported in the form of an exciting dramatic narrative or story that is easily understood by readers or viewers.
Personalisation – some crimes, especially murders, are human interest stories because they can happen to anyone. Readers and viewers are fascinated by what happens to others.
Novelty or unexpectedness – some crimes are unexpected or they occur when society least expects them, This increases their newsworthiness.
The unusual and the extraordinary – many crimes fall into this category because these crimes are not routine or common – their abnormality makes them stand out. Consequently, journalists may follow up such stories for weeks rather than days.
The spectacular- audiences are fascinated by visible and spectacular acts such as violent crime or a terrorist outrage.
Bad news is good news – those who run newspapers and television stations believe that ‘good news’ is not as newsworthy as ‘bad’ news,
Arousal
Feminists would argue that the representation of women as sexually available in adult media leads to crimes such as sexual assault and violence against women because it is normalised in the media.
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Deviancy Amplification
Young suggested that the media reporting of criminal behaviour often led to an increase in deviant behaviour as the police crackdown rallies others to the cause.
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Desensitisation
Video games and films containing violence do not show consequences of that violence and therefore users become desensitised to real impacts of violence.
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The media exaggerate the risk of victimisation, especially to women and higher status individuals.
Victim surveys clearly show that young males, ethnic minorities and poorer people are the main victims of crime. However, this is rarely reported. Instead most people get their view of the typical victim from the media – the vast majority of victims of murder in crime in media are female.
Audiences differ too much in terms of age, social class, intelligence, level of education etc and consequently do not react in the same way to media content.
Violence is actually caused by a complex range and combination of possible factors, If media is an influence (and this is unproven in 2012) it is only one influence amongst many.
The meanings that viewers give to media violence differ. Different audiences interpret violence in the media quite differently to one another.
Glossary
Agenda setting - media is able to shape public opinion by determining issues that get the most attention.
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Hyper-reality - when the distinction between reality and simulation becomes blurred, people are unable to tell what's reality and what's not.