Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

After the American Revolution, International: School, Shay's Rebellion…

- - - - Northwest Ordinance of 1787: This law successfully established a method for admitting new states to the Union and banned slavery in the new territory.
  - - - No soldiers!
- - - - The Bill of Rights
        
        4th Amendment: Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
        
        Police must get warrants (special permission from judges) by proving they have probable cause
        
        5th Amendment: Right to remain silent; due process.
        
        Don't have to tell police anything. "I plead the fifth"
        
        Double Jeopardy
        
        2nd Amendment: Right to bear arms.
        
        1st Amendment: Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.
        
        3rd Amendment: No quartering of soldiers
        
        A soldier can't take over your room and kick you out.
        
        6th Amendment: Right to a Fair Trial
        
        Speedy/Public
        
        Impartial Jury
        
        "No parts of an opinion"
        
        Right to an Attorney
        
        The government must provide one if you can't afford
        
        Know Your Accusers: You need to be told what you're charged with and you need to face the witnesses accusing you
        
        7th Amendment: Right to a Jury in Civil Cases
        
        8th Amendment: No Cruel or Unusual Punishments
        
        "The punishment must fit the crime"
        
        No Excessive Bail: You can't be given by the government a huge fee to get out of being locked up while awaiting trial.
        
        9th Amendment: "Just because a right isn't listed here doesn't mean the government can take it away."
        
        10th Amendment: Establishing Federalism
      - Difficult to change: You can't just add an amendment because it's a popular idea for one year. You need a huge majority in both Congress and the states to agree. This ensures every change is serious and long-lasting.
      - Future Amendments
        
        (1865) 13th Amendment: Abolishes slavery
    - - To "form a more perfect Union" (work together better than under the Articles)
      - To "establish Justice" (create a fair legal system)
      - To "insure domestic Tranquility" (keep peace at home)
      - To "provide for the common defense" (protect the country)
  - - - The Federalist Papers: A series of essays written by the Federalists to persuade people to support the Constitution.
      - The Federalist Era
        
        George Washington: First President
        
        Precedent setter: Precedent establishes a tradition because it's the first time it happens.
        
        Only served two terms
        
        Created a Cabinet (Presidential expert advisors)
        
        Alexander Hamilton: Treasury (Manages the money.
        
        Assume Debt: Take on the debt of the states to help them pay back their bills.
        
        National Bank: Hold the government's money, print currency, and make loans.
        
        Birth of Political Parties
        
        2 more items...
        
        Thomas Jefferson: Secretary of State (Manages relations with other countries.
        
        Domestic Policies
        
        Whiskey Rebellion: President Washington himself led 13,000 troops to stop the rebellion. The rebels ran away without a single shot.
        
        International Policies
        
        French Revolution: America had a treaty with France, but it also relied on trade with Britain.
        
        Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality (1793): Washington made the tough call: America would not pick a side. It was too young and weak to get dragged into a European war.
        
        Farewell Address
        
        "Beware of the spirit of party." (He saw the Federalists and D-Rs fighting and knew it was a danger to the country).
        
        "Steer clear of permanent alliances." (Don't get tangled in other countries' drama).
        
        John Adams
        
        Domestic Policies
        
        The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798): Adams and the Federalists were afraid of French spies and criticism at home. So, they passed these laws:
        
        Alien Act: Made it harder for immigrants (many of whom voted for Jefferson's party) to become citizens.
        
        Sedition Act: Made it a crime to write or say anything "false, scandalous, or malicious" about the government. This was a direct attack on the 1st Amendment and was used to throw Jefferson's newspaper editors in jail.
        
        1 more item...
        
        Established the US Navy
        
        Foreign Policies
        
        XYZ Affair: France was angry about U.S. neutrality and started attacking U.S. ships. Adams sent diplomats to France, but they were met by three secret agents (called "X, Y, and Z") who demanded a bribe. Americans were outraged and wanted war!
        
        Quasi War
        
        1 more item...
        
        The Revolution of 1800: It was the first time in modern history that control of a nation was peacefully transferred from one political party to its bitter rival. The Federalists (Hamilton/Adams) stepped down, and the Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson) took over. This proved the Constitution worked.
        
        Thomas Jefferson
        
        Midnight Judges: Leads to Marbury v. Madison