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Overall - Coggle Diagram

- - - - +More scientific and objective, controlled and remove extraneous variables, reproducible
      - -May involve ethical problems, lacks ecological validity, demand characteristics
    - - Bandura's Bobo Doll
      - Milgram
  - - - +Scientific and objective, controlled and removes some extraneous variables, high ecological validity, no demand characteristics
      - -Does not remove all extraneous variables, deception and unethical because ppts are unaware they are being studied
    - - Sherif's robbers cave experiment
  - - - +More ethical because the IV is not being manipulated so ppts are not being decieved, much more validity because ppts are unaware they are being observed
      - -No control over extraneous variables, hard to find events to study, unethical bc ppts unaware they are being studied
  - - - Situational - environment in which it is conducted
      - Participant - characteristics but also motivation and experience
    - - Affects findings of the study directly so no longer measuring what you intended to
    - - Hawthorne effect - experimentor being present has effect on performance
      - Demand characteristics
- - - - Time and cost effective and keen volunteers
      - Unrepresentative people who want to do it only type of people who respond so miss out people more severe
  - - - Fair and unbias
      - Unrepresentative
  - - - Very fair and represents all groups
      - Takes time
  - - - Quick and easy
      - Unrepresentative
  - - - Gets specific type of people which might otherwise be hard to access - eg, Sz
      - Can take time and may be unrepresentative
- - - - +No individual differences have an affect on outcome
      - -Task A could cause tiredness or fatigue of the task
      - -Could guess what the tasks are looking for then end up falling to demand characteristics
  - - - +No order effect or task A being a practice or causing tiredness and fatigue
      - +Can't guess what tasks are for so more validity
      - -Individual differences and different abilities in groups
  - - - +No order effect or task A being used as practice or causing tiredness of the task
      - +Can't guess what the task is for so more validity
      - -Less individual differences
- - - - Closed questions = quan
      - Attitude scales = quan
      - Open queestions = qual
    - - Social desirability
      - Question construction
        
        Scales or closed questions may not represent feelings ppt wants to express
      - Internal reliability problem - frequently questions used to measure same thing
    - - If constructed accurately should have face, predictave and concurrent validity
  - - - Questions are preset and procedure is completely standardised
      - Often uses closed questions to gather quan data
      - -Data gathered can lack depth or force ppts to answer in a way that does not correspond to how they feel
    - - Has a set of questions aimed to be answered but not a standardised procedure to follow
      - Can gather both quan and qual data
    - - Loose research aim
      - Gathers qual data
      - Researchers probe and seak for meanings in ppts responses