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An Introduction to Metabolism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Most energy coupling in cells is mediated by ATP
- - - - Thermal energy
        
        energy of kinetic motion (thermal “temp” how quickly is moved) Ex: molecules in the atmosphere are slower in winter and faster in summer (cold and hot). Thermal energy in transfer from one object to another is called heat, energy is lost in heat, because energy goes from one to another Ex; we get more energy from veggies than meat because if we eat a bear and a bear ate the cow and the cow ate the veggies, then energy was lost in process
      - • Potential energy
        
        is energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure. For example, water behind a dam possesses energy because of its altitude above sea level Ex2 Molecules possess energy due to the arrangement of electrons in bonds between their atoms
      - Kinetic energy
        
        energy of motion
      - Chemical energy
        
        energy within chemicals and chemical reactions
  - - - Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy (disorder) of the universe
      - Energy conversion occurs and releases heat when doing so
      - Example: losing energy from head/shoulders/hands
    - - Energy can not be broken or destroyed but can be transferred/transformed
      - All energy source starts with the sun
  - - - We cant use the heat we lose because our body stays in a constant temp
- - - - ΔG is zero or positive for nonspontaneous processes (less stable)(endergonic, products are greater than reactant)
      - ΔG is negative for all spontaneous processes (more stable) (exergonic reactants, reactions are greater than the product)
  - - - ΔG = ΔH – TΔS
        
        meaning
        
        Get =Gibbs (free energy)
        
        High=Enthalpy (total energy)
        
        Test= Temp in Kelvin
        
        Scores=Entropy (disorder )
- - - - For example, adding the enzyme sucrase to a sucrose solution at room temperature will catalyze the complete hydrolysis of sucrose within seconds