Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Insulin Resistance & Diabetes Pathogenesis - Coggle Diagram
Insulin Resistance & Diabetes Pathogenesis
Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Reduced ATP production
ROS & oxidative stress
Insulin Signaling Defects
PI3K/Akt pathway impairment
GLUT4 translocation failure
IRS-1 phosphorylation issues
Chronic Inflammation
TNF-α, IL-6 elevation
Macrophage infiltration
Adipokine Imbalance
ER Stress
Protein misfolding
PERK/eIF2α activation
Lipid Accumulation
Free fatty acids toxicity
Serine phosphorylation IRS-1
Systemic Pathogenesis
Pancreatic β-cell Failure
Glucose toxicity
Amyloid deposition (IAPP)
Hepatic Glucose Overproduction
Gluconeogenesis ↑ (FOXO1)
Muscle Insulin Resistance
Impaired glucose uptake
Reduced glycogen synthesis
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction
Inflammatory cytokine release
Ectopic fat storage
Genetic & Epigenetic Factors 🧬
Genetic Variants
TCF7L2, PPARG, IRS1
Epigenetic Modifications
DNA methylation changes
miRNA dysregulation
Research Directions 🔬
Personal Interest
Global health impact
Basic-clinical translation
Key Questions
Inflammation mechanism?
PI3K/Akt pathway rescue?
Feasibility
Abundant literature
Novel integrative approaches
Diagnostic Markers
Elevated HbA1c
HOMA-IR index
Fasting glucose
Adipokine profiles
Therapeutic Approaches 💊
Metformin (AMPK)
GLP-1 agonists
SGLT2 inhibitors
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Environmental Triggers ⚠️
High-calorie diet
Sedentary lifestyle
Visceral obesity
Chronic stress