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SDG 9 - Coggle Diagram
SDG 9
Steps and Solutions (Actions and Steps Needed)
We must invest in climate resilient and sustainable infrastructure. We must also design and construct buildings andtransport for resilience to save $4.2T in damages. It is highlighted that we must use green, low-energy materials. (Source: 1)
Boost R&D and innovation: Increase spending as % of GDP, encourage national innovation for economic growth, and importanty encourage collaborations across, industry and governments for mutual trust. (Source: 4)
Encourage the wide spread use of tech and ICT: In agriculture for sustainability (for example wireless sensors for irrigation, computer vision for less pesticides). Also need to educate on ICT to reduce poverty and rethink engineering for technical and social challenges. (Source: 4)
Restrict resource exploitation, control emissions, enhance urban infrastructure and public services and extremely importantly migrate to green energy/clean tech and therefore reduce fossil fuel dependence. (Source: 5)
Strengthen health industry for vaccines and drugs via PDPs and use public procurement to incentivize local manufacturing (like Brazil). (Source: 8)
Ensure rural road access within 2km of all-season roads and promote sustainable transport which can be achieved by increasing rail usage. (Source: 5, 6)
There must be international support for infrastructure and there must also be trackable indicators like CO2 per value-added, researcher share, mobile coverage and so forth.(Source: 5)
Necessary to keep inclusivity in mind to reduce social inequalities.
Importance and Benefits (Why the Goal Matters)
Key drivers of economic growth, social value creation, and human well-being, which is of course crucial for development and addressing basic needs like electricity and internet access. (Sources: 1, 2)
Infrastructure (buildings, transport) supports economic development. Resilient designs can save $4.2T in climate damages in low/middle-income countries. (Source: 1)
Promotes collaborations in R&D, ICT, and sectors like agriculture for efficiency, productivity, and sustainability like using smart farming via sensors and reducing pesticide use. (Source: 4)
Enables universal health coverage through stable drug/vaccine supply and builds co-benefits between health and industry, for example public procurement incentivizes local manufacturing. (Source: 8)
High internet/mobile penetration in Europe, strong logistics, top universities, and R&D spending support sustainable transport and industries. (Source: 5)
Benefits address interconnected global issues like poverty reduction via ICT education and engineering innovations, preventing unintended environmental/social degradation. (Source: 4)
Links to climate mitigation, as renewable energy reduces fossil fuel dependence and GHG impacts. (Source: 3)
Threats and Problems (To be addressed)
Current infrastructure poses health andenvironmental threats and 75% of 2050 infrastructure yet to be built, but modern materials (cement/steel) are energy-intensive, costly, and hazardous. (Source: 1)
COVID-19 impacts: Severe on manufacturing, employment, and air travel. 57.7% rural lack road access in 25 countries. Weak demand exacerbates issues. (Source: 5)
Engineering side effects degrade natural and social systems, low rail share in EU freight (21.9% in 2023, down from 26.5% in 2012), LMICs struggle with vaccine supply and R&D capacity. (Sources: 4, 7, 8)
China has lower internet penetration due to population, Italy lags in university scores, underdeveloped regions need engineer rethinking for sustainability. (Source: 5)
Threats amplify inequalities such as benefits only flowing to small groups, which has negative livelihood impacts and is interconnected with poverty and health crises. (Sources: 2, 4, 8)
Fossil fuel dependence hinders SDG 9 targets and the carbon emissions challenge 2030 attainment. (Source: 5)
What is the UN Goal (SDG 9)
Basic sanitation, reliable electricity source, internet access. (Sources: 1, 2)
the most important factor in forecasting GDP per capita was the number of researchers,
and R&D spending is a reliable indication of researcher count. (Source 3)