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PDHPE IMPROVING PERFORMANCE - "What Ethical Issues are Related to…
PDHPE IMPROVING PERFORMANCE -
"What Ethical Issues are Related to Improving Performance?"
Use of Drugs
The dangers of performance enhancing drugs
: athletes may be placed in various dangerous situation in many aspects of life including physical, mental, financial and social dangers.
Eg. Physical Effects >
overdosing, addiction, decreased performance, health issues.
Eg. Psychological Effects >
mood swings, aggressive, mental health problems eg. depression or anxiety.
Eg. Social Effects >
loss of reputation, breakdown of relationships, changes in behaviour, loss of credibility
Eg. Financial Effects >
expensive, loss of income, loss of sponsorships, criminal charges
Drugs used for strength:
HGH
: Is able to build muscle and results in more power >
side effects
: heart attack, oversized limbs etc.
Naturally occurs in body to a certain extent so can only be detected if used in large amounts.
Anabolic Steroids
: Increases muscle bulk, increasing bodies ability to exercise and recover quickly. Creates masculine properties. >
side effects
: heart disease, male characteristics in females and demasculentity in males.
Can be detected with drug testing.
Drugs used for aerobic performance
:
EPO
: Creates more red blood cells, useful for endurance athletes, increases oxygen carrying capacity.
side effects
> increased thickness of blood, resulting in potential heart attack.
Drugs used to mask other drugs
:
Diuretics
: Increased weight loss and hides steroid presence. Used in sport where weight is an issue eg. boxing, gymnastics >
side effects
: dehydration and malnutrition.
Alcohol
: Also used as a masking agent to hide the use of other drugs >
side effects
: liver damage, brain damage.
Benefits and Limitations of Drug Testing
:
Benefits
> promotes fairness and equity, increased participation and reputation, promotes health and wellbeing, deters people from using.
Limitations
> Cost (some countries cant afford therefore athletes get away with it) results in unfair or inequitable play.
Use of Technology
Training Innovations
:
Eg
.
Lactate Threshold Testing
> seeks to identify an athletes lactate inflection point (where lactate begins to accumulate) Allows athletes to set training zones that are more effectice and that can enhance their lactate levels. When performing their lactate inflection point will be higher and thus they will fatigue later.
Eg
.
Biomechanics Analysis
> focuses primarily on technique and execution of the skill. This ensures the athletes movement is safe (not causing injury) and efficient. Athletes can fine tune their movement to ensure they are doing correct technique and thus have better outcomes from the movement.
Equipment Advances
:
Eg
.
Swimsuits
> Enhance buoyancy, reduced drag, allowing athletes to move through the water faster. Eg. "Technology gone to far" is the fast swim suits that were only available to some athletes (wealthier countries" impacted ethics of the event and thus were banned.
Eg
.
Golfballs
> Improved drag allowing the ball to travel further and straighter. Also expensive thus may be considered unethical however all athletes are using similar balls reguardless.