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ELT – English Language Teaching (Main Field) - Coggle Diagram
ELT – English Language Teaching (Main Field)
Role of teacher: Facilitator, motivator, and language model.
Parent field that includes all teaching of English as a second, foreign, or specific-purpose language.
Aim: To help learners achieve communicative competence in English.
Language focus: All language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing), grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
Parent field that includes all teaching of English as a second, foreign, or specific-purpose language.
EMT – English Mother Tongue
Subset of ELT (native context)
• Aim: To develop advanced literacy, cultural understanding, and academic English for native speakers.
• Language focus: Reading, writing, and literature.
• Role of teacher: Language and literature instructor; focuses on critical thinking and creativity.
ESL – English as a Second Language
Subset of ELT (for learners living in an English-speaking country).
• Aim: To enable learners to communicate and function effectively in English in daily life, work, or study.
• Language focus: Communicative competence; functional and social English.
• Role of teacher: Supportive guide; focuses on immersion, communication, and cultural adaptation.
EFL – English as a Foreign Language
Subset of ELT (for learners living in non-English-speaking countries).
• Aim: To develop English for international communication, travel, or academic use.
• Language focus: Grammar, vocabulary, and communicative skills in classroom-based learning.
• Role of teacher: Main source of input; uses controlled practice and communicative activities.
GE – General English
Subset of EFL/ESL
• Aim: To improve overall English proficiency for general communication.
• Language focus: Everyday topics, all four skills, grammar, and vocabulary.
• Role of teacher: Communicative facilitator; uses balanced skill development.
ESP – English for Specific Purposes
Branch of ELT, often built on GE foundations.
• Aim: To teach English related to specific disciplines or professions (e.g., Business, Tourism, Medicine).
• Language focus: Professional vocabulary, discourse, and genres relevant to learners’ fields.
• Role of teacher: Needs analyst, course designer, and facilitator of professional communication.
EAP – English for Academic Purposes (subfield of ESP)
Aim: To prepare learners for study in English-medium academic settings.
• Language focus: Academic writing, reading, lectures, presentations, referencing.
• Role of teacher: Academic coach; focuses on study skills, critical thinking, and academic conventions.