Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Nervous system, image, image, image, image, image, image, image, Nailah…

- - - - Anterior communicating artery
      - Posterior communicating arteries
- - - - Contains nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi).
      - Nissl bodies: site of protein synthesis.
      - Functions: replace cell components, support growth, regenerate axons (PNS).
      - Neurofibrils: shape and support
      - Microtubules: transport materials
      - Lipofuscin: pigment that accumulates with age
    - - Receive/input portions of neuron
      - Contain receptor sites for neurotransmitters
      - Highly branched, tree-like processes
    - - Sends impulses to other neurons or effector cells
      - Begins at axon hillock → initial segment → trigger zone (where impulses start)
      - Contains mitochondria, neurofibrils, microtubules (no rough ER)
      - Axon terminals: endings containing synaptic vesicles
      - Synapse: communication site between neurons
      - Neurotransmitters: excite or inhibit target cells
  - - - Astrocytes: structural support, maintain chemical balance, form blood-brain barrier
      - Oligodendrocytes: form myelin in CNS for faster impulse conduction
      - Microglia: immune defense, remove debris and pathogens
      - Ependymal cells: produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
    - - Schwann cells: form myelin sheath around axons in PNS
      - Satellite cells: provide structural support, regulate exchange around neuron bodies
- - - - Spinal nerves: sensory & motor fibers
      - Cranial nerves: head and neck control
  - - - Sympathetic Division
      - Parasympathetic Division
- - - - Frontal: Motor control, speech, reasoning.
      - Parietal: Sensory info, spatial awareness.
      - Occipital: Visual processing.
      - Temporal: Hearing, memory, language (Wernicke’s area).
  - - - Ascending tracts: Sensory → brain.
      - Descending tracts: Motor → effectors.
- - - - Depolarization: Na⁺ in → +30 mV.
      - Repolarization: K⁺ out.
      - Hyperpolarization: Below –70 mV, resets.