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Nervous System - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System
Action Potential
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Membrane Changes
- Resting State →Membrane at –70 mV, Na⁺ & K⁺ channels closed, Na⁺/K⁺ pump active
- Depolarization →Na⁺ channels open, Na⁺ rushes in, membrane potential becomes positive (~+30 mV)
- Repolarization →Na⁺ channels close, K⁺ channels open, K⁺ moves out, membrane returns to negative
- Hyperpolarization →K⁺ channels stay open a bit too long → membrane becomes more negative (< –70 mV)
- Return to Resting Potential →Na⁺/K⁺ pump restores ion balance to –70 mV
Graded Potential
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Spread: Local, decreases with distance
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Synapse
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Process
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Neurotransmitters removed by reuptake, breakdown, or diffusion
Nerve Cells (Neurons)
Cell Body (Soma)
Contains the nucleus and cytoplasm. It is responsible for the metabolic activities of the cell.
Dendrites
Branch-like extensions that receive impulses (signals) from other neurons and carry them toward the cell body.
Axon
A single long projection that carries impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
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