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PDHPE - HEALTH PRIORITIES IN AUSTRALIA "How are Priority Issues for…
PDHPE - HEALTH PRIORITIES IN AUSTRALIA
"How are Priority Issues for Australia Determined?"
Measuring Health Status
Role of Epidemiology
: Epidemiology is the study of statistics. It plays a role in understanding and controlling diseases in a population through investigating patterns, causes, and the impact of health issues.
Who uses Epidemiology?
Researchers, health departments, the government, health or medical practitioners.
Eg
. WHO (world health organisation)
Measures of Epidemiology
Mortality
: Rate of death
Morbidity
: Rate of sickness/ illness
Infant Mortality
: Rate of deaths of infants under the age of 12 months.
Life Expectancy
: How long you are expected to live.
Identifying Priority Health Issues
Priority Population Groups
: groups who are higher at risk of ill health
Eg
. ATSI, low SES, rural and remote > high change of cancer, CVD, mental health etc.
Potential for Detection and Early Intervention
: Diseases that can be detected early are more likely to receive attention in the hope that we can prevent instead of treat.
Eg
. Mammograms detect breast cancer, skin checks detect melanoma, regular checkups, knowing family history, diet and exercise > CVD
Prevalence
: high prevalence = more attention to reduce prevalence
Eg
. Cancer and CVD have high prevalence therefore receive high attention.
Social Justice Principles
:
Equity
: Fairness and allocation of resources based on health needs.
Diversity
: Acknowledging and respecting wide ranges of cultures and individual differences. Addressing and limiting cultural/ language barriers
Supportive Environments
: Creating conditions that promote health and wellbeing. Creating an environment that makes healthy behaviours easier.
Cost to Individual and Community
:
Direct costs
: money, cost of appointments, cost for treatment or diagnosis.
Indirect Costs
: cost to family, emotional cost, cost to train other employees, cost to take work off.