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STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN THE COLOMBIAN EDUCATIONAL…
STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN THE COLOMBIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Responsibilities of Educational Institutions
Ensure accessible environments and provide physical, technological, and pedagogical support (MEN, 2017).
Guarantee access, participation, permanence, and learning without discrimination (MEN, 2017).
Remove barriers and provide reasonable adjustments in the school environment (Decree 1421, 2017).
Work collaboratively with families through the PIAR to support student learning (Law 1618, 2013).
Perceptions and Social Beliefs about Disability
Some beliefs still link disability with inability or limitation (Becerra & Tamayo, 2025).
A stronger human-rights perspective is growing in inclusive education (UN, 2006).
Lack of teacher training often creates attitudinal barriers (García, 2025).
Types of Disabilities Recognized by the System
Visual disability (MEN, 2017)
Physical or motor disability (MEN, 2017)
Hearing disability (MEN, 2017)
Intellectual disability (MEN, 2017)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (MEN, 2017)
Individual Plan of Reasonable Adjustments
A tool that identifies strategies, supports, and adaptations for each student (Decree 1421, 2017).
Ensures that each student learns according to their rhythm, needs, and strengths (Law 1618, 2013).
Developed collaboratively by teachers, families, and support staff (MEN, 2017).