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Biology - Cardiovascular Disease - Coggle Diagram
Biology - Cardiovascular Disease
Coronary Heart Disease
Coronary Arteries
blocked
supply blood to the muscle of the heart
fatty material can build up
restricts blood flow
reduces amount of oxygen that reaches heart muscle
cause heart attack
Stents
tubes inserted into arteries
making sure blood can get to heart muscle
lowers risk of heart attack
Advantages
effective for long time
recovery time from surgery is quick
Disadvantages
risk of complications during operation of infections
risk of blood clot near stent
Statins
reduce ‘bad’ cholesterol
slow down formation of fatty deposits
Advantages
increase amount of ‘good’ cholesterol
prevent other diseases
Disadvantages
long-term drug
taken regularly
negative side effects
serious
kidney failure
effects isn’t instant
Heart Failure
Heart transplants
Donor Heart
Advantages
live longer
better quality of life
more energy
Disadvantages
only possible if suitable donor heart is available
surgery can lead to bleeding and infection
immune system may reject heart
take drugs to prevent rejection for rest of life
other health issues
Artificial Heart
mechanical device
usually temporary
Advantages
less likely to be rejected
Disadvantages
surgery
bleeding and infection
parts can wear out
blood clots
stroke
blood-thinning drugs
cause problems with bleeding if person is cut
Faulty Heart Valves
valves
damaged or weakened by heart attacks, infection, or age
tissue may stiffen
can’t open properly
leaky
blood flow in both directions
blood doesn’t circulate effectively
Replacement Valves
Biological
humans or other mammals e.g cow or pig
Mechanical
man-made
less drastic procedure
still major surgery
blood clots