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rate of reactions - Coggle Diagram
rate of reactions
catalyst
definition - A substance that modulates the rate of a chemical reaction by changing the amount of times particles collide per unit of time, in turn breaking the intermolecular bonds.
Catalysts are important in industry and in living things. For example, iron is used in the Haber process to make ammonia more quickly, and enzymes act as catalysts in our bodies. Catalysts save energy, reduce costs, and help reactions happen efficiently.
Catalysts help reactions happen faster or more easily by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reaction to start. This energy is called the activation energy. So, catalysts make it easier for molecules to react with each other.
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Enzymes in your body- Your body uses natural catalysts called enzymes to help break down food and do all sorts of chemical reactions quickly. Without enzymes, these reactions would be too slow to keep you alive!
Photosynthesis in plants- Plants use catalysts (like certain metals inside enzymes) to help convert sunlight into energy during photosynthesis.
temperature
definition - Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius. Temperature indicates the direction in which heat energy will spontaneously flow—i.e., from a hotter body (one at a higher temperature) to a colder body (one at a lower temperature).
Temperature causes the particles to collide and move faster, heat is an energy so the particles absorb the heat energy turning into kinetic energy, the hotter particles get the faster they move because of the energy transformation.
Temperature affects the rate of a chemical reaction by increasing the kinetic energy of reactant particles, causing them to move faster and collide more frequently and with greater force
impacting human health through body temperature regulation and illness detection, agriculture by influencing crop growth and water cycles, and environmental stability by controlling ecosystems, weather, and global climate
Temperature can be very important in situations where you need to control how fast a reaction needs to take place. For example, when you need to cook, a high temperature is very useful as it ensures your meals taste good and are safe to eat. In contrast, food is kept in the fridge at low temperatures to slow down reactions that cause it to spoil. It’s important because changing the temperature lets us speed up or slow down chemical reactions to get the results we want.
surface area
definition - surface area is the total outer exposed area of a solid substance available to react with other substances, such as a gas or liquid. A larger surface area, often achieved by grinding a substance into a powder, increases the rate of a chemical reaction because more particles are accessible for collisions, leading to faster reaction speeds.
When the surface area of a reactant increases, the rate of chemical reaction also increases.
The particles from group A can only react with the outer layer of group B or the surface area. This means that the number of collisions is limited to the amount of particles available to react. If group B is split in two, there is now more surface area available for the particles to collide with each other.
Surface area is more important with solids because the particles of a solid are tightly packed together meaning the surface area particles are the only ones that will be colliding with other particles. This is important to understand as the frequency of collisions of particles is dependent on the surface area present.
concentration
definition - concentration is how much of a substance (like a reaction) is present in a certain volume of solution
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