Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
replication of DNA - Coggle Diagram
replication of DNA
protein synthesis
DNA has codes to make proteins
DNA --transcription--> priimary RNA transcript --splicing--> mRNA --translation--> polypeptide
gene code=degenerate
template strand
transcribed strand
only one non-transcribed strand gives code
genes
sequence of nucleo. bases that form part of DNA molecule
gene dor particular protein always in same position(locus) on same chromosome
copy the base sequence
called primary RNA transcript(is mobile)
joined ribonucleodites with specific bases
out of nucleous through nuclear pores
splicing(remove introns stick entrons together)
now mRNA
assembles amino acids of protein in correct order
tRNA helps
2 more items...
prokaryotes no introns, so no happen
two polynucleotides strands can split
allowing new nucleotides to line each strand
hydrogen bonds
DNA polymerase joins the new lines
DNA helicase unwinds helix
both strands are templates for new strands, aseach exposed base combine with 1 type nucleotide
free DNA nucleotides attach to exp bases
are activated(phosphorylated by enzymes)
enzyme=DNA polymerase, joins nucleo. to eachother(catalysing condensation reac.)
semi conservative replication, half of og molecule kept
leading strand: 5' 3' direction, same direction as parental strands separated
lagging strand:same direction, join nucleo. opposite dir. of parent strands separation
replication not continuous as unzip happens
fragments: okazaki fragments
1 more item...
mutation
during DNA replication(anytime)
risk increased with exposure to mutagenic agents
ionising radiation, cigarette smoke, etc
three types of mutation
nucleotide insertion(extra nucleo=extra bases in sequence)
frameshift(change all subsequent triplets)
entire sentence becomes meaningless
nucleotide deleation(take a guess)
nucleotide substitution(guess)
can have no effect(silent mutation)