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Endocrine Emergencies - Coggle Diagram
Endocrine Emergencies
Hypoglycemia
Low plasma glucose level & CNS dysfunction!
Caused by fasting, drug or insulin induced or mediated!
Tx: Oral Sugar (dextrose) or via Glucagen/Insulin!
Pathophysiology: Occurs due to an imbalance between the utilization of glucose and its production.
Hyperglycemia
Blood sugar levels are unusually high!
Unusual amounts of urine, thirst, frequent hunger, etc.
Tx: Insulin administration, electrolyte monitoring, and diet change.
Pathophysiology: Body cannot effectively use glucose for energy, due to insulin deficiency or resistance.
Thyroid Storm
Life-threatening hyperthyroidism triggered by stress or infection.
Presenting fever, tachycardia, agitation, and could progress to shock.
Tx: Supportive care while giving cool and calm rapid transport.
Pathophysiology:
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Common in those with Type 1!
Kussmaul respirations, warm or dry skin, polyurethane, altered LOC.
Tx: O2, BGL and rapid transport.
Pathophysiology: No insulin means fat breakdown and ketone buildup, which will lead to acidosis.
Adrenal Crisis
Insufficient cortisol can be provoked following stress, infections, and/or steroid withdrawal.
Will appear weak and fatigued with nausea and emesis possible.
Tx: O2 and fluids with rapid transport.
Pathophysiology: The adrenal glands are unable to produce cortisol to facilitate in the body.
HHS
Inadequate insulin production or action.
Extremely high BGL, dehydration, weakness, nausea and vomiting and seizures.
Tx: Rapid transport with flow O2 administered and provide and hydration the patient might need!
Pathophysiology: develops from insulin deficiency leading to extreme hyperglycemia and dehydration.