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Introduction to Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 6- Environmental…
Introduction to Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
1. Core Concepts of Mental Health & Illness
Mental Health:
A positive state beyond the absence of illness. It involves well-being, happiness, satisfaction, effective functioning, realistic self-perception, healthy relationships, and the ability to cope with stress and meet life's demands
Mental Illness:
A maladaptive response to stressors characterized by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that deviate from cultural norms and impair social, occupational, or physical functioning.
Continuum Model:
Mental health and illness are not polar opposites but exist on a fluctuating continuum; health is not static.
2. Characteristics of a Mentally Healthy Person
Comfort with Self:
Self-awareness,/ self-respect,/ ability to cope with emotions and disappointments.
Comfort with Others:
Ability to form satisfying relationships,/ trust others,/ respect differences, and feel part of a group.
Meeting Life's Demands:
Problem-solving,/ responsibility,/ decision-making, adaptability, and goal-setting.
3. Six Concepts of Positive Mental Health
1 - Positive Self-Attitude: Self-knowledge and self-acceptance
2- Growth & Self-Actualization: Realizing one's potential.
3- Integrative Capacity: Balancing emotions and thoughts to cope with stress.
4- Autonomy:
Independence in decision-making.
5- Accurate Reality Perception: Distinguishing reality from fantasy.
4. Factors Influencing Mental Health
Biologic:
Genetics, physical health, neuroanatomy.
Psychological:
Self-concept, emotional development, interpersonal relationships.
Sociocultural:
Family, culture, economy, religion, and values.
5. Definition & Philosophy of Psychiatric Nursing
Definition:
A specialty that uses theories of human behavior and the therapeutic use of self (the art) to promote mental health, prevent illness, and provide care/rehabilitation.
Philosophy: Guided by core beliefs:
Every individual has inherent worth.
Every behavior is meaningful and is the person's best adaptation.
The goal is growth, self-actualization, and holistic care.
People are unique but share common human needs.
6. Goals & Roles of the Psychiatric Nurse
Goals:
Provide care across all levels of prevention (Promote, Prevent, Rehabilitate).
Key Roles:
Develop a therapeutic relationship.
Act as a clinician, teacher, and patient advocate.
Establish a therapeutic milieu (safe environment).
Promote coping skills, reality orientation, and socialization.
Administer care and medications, observing for effects.
Ensure continuity of care through community resources.
6- Environmental Mastery: Competence in problem-solving and adaptation.