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Nucleic acids midterm 1 - Coggle Diagram
Nucleic acids midterm 1
weak acidity
contain C, H, O, nitrogen, Phosforus
store and carry info to control cell activity
inheretance
DNA
stores gen info in cell
deoxyribonucleic acid
polymer made of nucleotides
joined by phosphodiester bonds
condensation reaction
phosfate group of one joins deoxyribose sugar of other
thus DNA/RNA is a polynucleotide, and a macromolecule
3' C attaches to OH which attaches to P bond below, which attaches to 5' C
base attaches to 1' C
very long, thread like macromolecules
alternating sugar and phosfate components
nitrogenous bases
2 more items...
deoxyribonucleotides
five carbon sugar(pentose)=deoxyribose
phosfate group
nitrogenous base
all cells have adenosine triphosphate(very similar)
has 3 phosfate groups, source of E for cells
E released when one phosfate group removed
hydrolisis
catalysed by enzyme(ATP hydrolase)
forms adenosine diphosphate + inorganic phosfate group+Energy release
double helix
360° every 10 base pairs
2 strands held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases
purines facing pyramidines
2 H bonds between adenine and thymine
3 H cytosine and guanine
H bond can form only where H atom close to O atom or N atom of base on opposite strand
adenine with thymine, cytosine with guanine
opposite directions(antiparralel) 5' to 3' vs 3' to 5'
RNA
ribonucleic acid
pentose sugar= ribose
ribonucleodites
thymine replaced by uracil
most are single strand(can fold into 3D structure)
shorter and less stable than DNA