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Animals and Creatures That Help Us - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The place of bees in nature: Warré (2007) describes bees as animals, which are distinguished from plants through being able to move and are divided into two
        main categories: vertebrates and invertebrates.
    - - Bee Pasturage: As civilization clears away the forest and upturns the prairie sods, it may increase or decrease the possibilities of the honey crop. Dadant (1912).
      - Commercial crops requiring or benefiting from bee pollinations
        
        Sammataro & Avitabile (1978) state the names of plants and vegetables that benefit from bee pollination, including flower names: clovers, sunflowers, and cottons. Vegetable Crops: Asparagus, chives, garlic, and onions. Malvaceae: Okra, broccoli, cabbage, kale, and mustard. Cucurbitaceae: cucumber, pumpkin, squash, watermelon Umbelliferae: carrot, celery, parsley, and parsnip.
- - - - Role of bees in agriculture and food supply
        
        Sammataro & Avitabile (1978) state the benefits of food supply from bees can be found in items such as honey, which is a natural sweetener, beeswax, and bee brood, which is rich in protein and other substances. Sammataro & Avitabile (1978) further include other bee benefits, like bee venom containing a complex array of chemical substances, like histamine, which reacts adversely with the body chemistry of some individuals (Sammataro & Avitabile, 1978).
      - working as a beekeeper
        
        Warré (2007) defines the purpose of beekeeping as:
        
        beekeeping is the art of managing bees with the intention of getting the maximum
        return from this work with the minimum of expenditure.
        
        Beekeeping is a pre-eminently healthy and beneficial activity, because it is most often
        done in the fresh air, in fine, sunny weather.
        
        Beekeeping is a fascinating activity and consequently rests both mind
        and body.
    - - Map regions in South Africa where beekeeping is common
      - Discuss how communities benefit from bees economically
      - Interview a local beekeeper
- - - - Homemade bee suits can be created by using a jumpsuit pattern made two sizes larger than one ordinarily wears and with extra-long collar and sleeves. It will not protect from stings but will keep one's clothing free of propolis (Sammataro & Avitabile .1978)
    - - Dadant (1912) elaborates that in the production of extracted honey, the entire sealing of combs is of less importance than in the production of comb honey. The important requirement is that the honey be thoroughly ripened before it is removed from the hive (Dadant, 1912). According to Sammataro & Avitabile (1978), the usual process for getting honey out of wax cells is to remove the cappings with a hot knife and put the uncapped frames into a huge centrifuge called an extractor. As the extractor spins, the honey is forced out of cells and against the cylindrical wall of the extractor, leaving the frames of wax combs empty of most of the honey (Sammataro & Avitabile, 1978) .
    - - Sammataro & Avitabile (1978) gives an inside on the equipment needed for a first-time beekeeper.
        
        Bee veil: all sensible beekeepers wear veils to protect against stings on lips, scalp, or inside the nose or ear canal, which can be very painful (Sammataro & Avitabile, 1978).
        
        bee suit: the suit will not only protect against stings but will also keep one's clothing free of propolis, which can be hard to remove.
        
        Bee gloves are a great help in keeping wax, honey, and propolis off your hands (Sammataro & Avitabile, 1978).
        
        A bee smoker is a metal cylinder with attached bellows in which a fire is lit. Smoke blown from the smoker's nozzle Sammataro & Avitabile, 1978).
        
        Bee escapes are primarily used to remove bees from hive bodies containing honey so that honey can be harvested free of bees (Sammataro & Avitabile, 1978).