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From the Puritan Age to the Augustan Age, image, image, image, image,…
From the Puritan Age to the Augustan Age
The Stuart dynasty
James I
(1603-1625)
Charles I
(1625-1649)
Absolute believer in the "Divine right of Kings"
He summoned and dissolved the Parliament as he liked
The Civil War (1642-1649): Royalists against Parliamentarians
The Parliamentarian army led by
Oliver Cromwell
defeated the Royalists and Carles I arrested and beheaded in 1649
Proclamation of the Commonwealth with Cromwell as its Puritan protector/dictator (1653)
It ended with Richard Cromwell, unsuited to rule
Beginning of struggles with the Parliament and religious unrest among Catholics and Puritans
The return of the Stuarts
After the restoration of monarchy
Charles II
(1660-1685) became king
He reestablished the Parliament (with Royalist majority) and the Church of England
James II
(1685-1688): a Catholic king was a potential problem
William of Orange and Mary Stuart
(1688-1702) after the Glorious Revolution
Queen Anne
(1702-1714)
The Act of Union
(1707): political union of England and Scotland
The Bill of Rights
(1689) and the
Act of Settlement
(1701)
17th century: a period of political and religious unrest and social transformations
No great freedom of faith: uniformity of religion
The rise of the Middle-class as leading power in the economic advancement of the country
A period of scientific discoveries: Bacon's Scientific Method and beginning of the domination of reason, Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation
Development of new cultural centres: the coffeehouses
Poetry
Cavalier Poets, Puritan poets, Metaphysical poets
John Milton (1608-1674)
"Paradise Lost" (1667)
John Donne (1572-1631)
Exploration of the themes of love and religion
Philosophical writings: Thomas Hobbes' "Leviathan" (1651) and John Locke's "An essay concerning human understanding" (1690)
Drama
Restoration comedies
William Congreve (1670-1729)
