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Ethics & History Assignment 1 - Coggle Diagram
Ethics & History Assignment 1
Acting ethically has nothing to do with 'moral emotions'. Discuss whether you agree/disagree, referencing ethical theories&thought experiments
Argument for: has nothing to do with moral emotions
This is what Kant said: nothing to do with intention, the rule should be universalisable
he said if I am acting out of emotion, then my action is not moral
utilitarianism would agree, because it focuses on the consequences rather than the intention behind a behaviour?
the most moral action is that which results in the most happiness for the most people
Argument against: it does have to do with moral emotions
Aristotle thought that feelings are central; it requires intelligent judement
virtue theorists that the virtues: courage and generosity are necessary for any human to live well
would euthanasia be a good example of this? Because Kant would say that under no circumstance is 'murder' moral, however with emotions being involved, maybe it then becomes moral?
other examples: genetic engineering/ IVF
however morals change depending on time/society? so how can we determine what they are? which if we're saying they're relevant to ethical actions, then we need to be able to determine them?
can deceiving patients be morally acceptable? eg the dilemma with the friend as a patient, is lying to them moral? feelings are involved here
My argument:
I think overall, I would argue that moral emotions do come into it (euthanasia being a good example). Some key opposing arguments are these ones from Kant, however I debunk these with these other key arguments (from virtue theorists?)
Meta-Ethics then comes into it - the second-rater questions. eg: so what does it mean to be right? 3 examples of meta-ethics on the doc: naturalism, moral relativism, and emotivism
Should there be fixed upper limits on the duration and intensity of suffering that laboratory animals may be subjected to? Should these limits vary? Reference specific studies published since 2023
Argument for: there should be a limit
Argument against: there should not be a limit
Is retributive justice ethically justifiable? Refer to specific real-life criminal cases published by major news outlets since 2023.