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Chapter 5 Biological Macromolecules - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 5 Biological Macromolecules
Carbohydrates (Fuel + Building)
Carbonyl Locations → Aldose - Ketose
C(1) H(2) O(1) Ratio
Polymer [Polysaccharides] (# of carbons) → Hexoses
Cellulose is a polysaccharides (passes through humans as Insoluble (Fiber)
Chitlin is another found in exoskeleton of arthropods
Monomer (Monosaccharides)
Function Immediate Energy
EX: Potatoes, Bread, Sugar
Dehydration synthesis (Don't mean when ur dehydrated)
Lipids [Fats] (hydrophobic Molecules)
Hydrophobic (No water Mix)
Phospholipids
Phosphate head (Hydrophobic) [Polar]
Fatty Acid tails (Hydrophobic [nonpolar]
Polymer [Triglyceride]
Monomer (1 Glycerol +3 fatty acids
Function Long term energy, Insulation
Examples Water, Oil, Butter, Steroids
Cholesterol is a type of steroid
Contains C,H,O Solid at room temp
Saturated Fatty acids, has maximum number of hydrogen atoms Possible [12] no double bond
Proteins (Structure + Functions)
Polymer [Polypeptides]
Monomer [Amino Acids]
Functions build structures
EX: Meat, Nuts, Products, (ENZYMES)
Level of Proteins
Primary Structure (Straight line of Amino Acids)
Secondary (Chain folds and Twist)
Tertiary Interacts with itself folded and twisted
Quantanary (Several tertiary comes together
Proteins are held together by disulfide bridges
Loss of proteins Structure = Denaturing
Gene Expression (protein synthesis)
Nucleic Acids (Hereditary Info)
Polymer DNA/RNA
Monomer Nucleotides
Functions Genetic Information
EX DNA/RNA/ATP
Enzymes
Specialized Macromolecules that speed up Chemical Reactions
Temp and PH (denature Enzymes)
Polysaccharides = Storage for Plants (Starch)
Storage for animals = Glycogen
Covalent bonds between 2 Monosaccharides is a glycosidic linkage